Reproductive Health and Safety Education Lesson 4: FDA Approved Methods of Contraceptives All information taken from The FDA’s Birth Control Guide Found Here Today is going to be one of the last days for our reproductive health and safety education unit. Today’s topic is going to be FDA Approved Methods of Contraceptives. At no point and time will any of the contraceptives be demonstrated. At some point in this section of the reproductive health and safety unit either assign the Cost of a Baby work sheet or go to the library to complete it.

Lesson Objectives Understand the meaning of abstinence Recognizing FDA approved contraceptives Differentiate between the various methods of contraceptive Understand the failure rates and effectiveness of various contraceptives Today’s objectives are to understand the meaning of abstinence while recognizing FDA approved contraceptives. By the end of this class lesson you should be able to differentiate between the various contraceptives.

Ground Rules Only one person speaks at a time Be respectful of peers and teacher We are free to express our opinion or to participate in activities without being subjected to judgment or criticism While participation is encouraged, each person has the right to pass We do not share personal information or ask that of others Each person comes prepared to each class Use correct terminology Okay class, lets remember the ground rules that we developed yesterday as a class. Be respectful of each other’s questions and comments. Due to the sensitivity of the topic please refrain from inappropriate comments, words or gestures. Some discussion may make you uncomfortable. I will try to answer each of you questions; however there are some questions that can be better answered privately or by your parents.

Question Box Class you can place questions in the box to be answered throughout the unit. Some questions may be better answered privately or by your parents. Remember that we want to maintain a mature and respectful classroom environment and if a question is inappropriate to the class then it will not be read.

Review Yesterday’s Work PAIR/SHARE – with a person next to you discuss the answers to these questions How would you differentiate between chlamydia and gonnorehea? How can you describe the difference between bacterial and viral STIs? How is abstinence related to being 100% free from contracting an STI? Partner up with the person next to you and complete a quick pair/share utilizing the three topics on the board.

So… What is it? IUD Intrauterine Device Class has any of you seen this device before? What do you think it is? Well, It’s an intrauterine device or IUD. We will be learning more about it in today’s lesson. Intrauterine Device

Journal Question Self reflection: How safe are you from contracting an STI? Defend your answer. If most STIs are asymptomatic (no symptoms) how does that impact the control and treatment of them? (Homework Question) Ask your parents/guardians or trusted adult. What do you remember about the message teens received about pregnancy and sexually transmitted disease prevention when you were in high school? Now please take out your class journals and open to the next blank page. Record these questions and answer them as best you can. Please note that there is a homework question that you will need to discuss with your parent and/or guardian. The homework is due tomorrow, so please remember to talk to them tonight.

What's the Order ?/ What's the Failure Rate ? Abstinence Oral Contraceptive (combined pill) Sponge with Spermicide IUD Oral Contraceptive (progestin-only) Shot/Injection Female Condom Diaphragm with Spermicide Implantable Rod The Patch Sterilization Surgery for men Spermicide Male Condom Surgical Sterilization for Women Oral Contraceptive (Extended/Continuous Use) Cervical Cap with Spermicide Surgical Sterilization Implant for Women Vaginal Contraceptive Ring Emergency Contraceptive

Seven Methods of Birth Control Abstinence Barrier Method Hormonal Method Emergency Contraception Implanted Devices Permanent Methods for Women Permanent Methods of Men There are seven FDA approved methods of birth control. The barrier method, the hormonal method, emergency contraceptive, implanted devices, permanent methods for women, permanent methods for men, and abstinence. Today we are going to learn about each of these method.

FDA Pre/Post Assessment At this time pass out the blank version of the FDA Birth Control Guide Students should fill in the first two columns Column 1 – Methods (the next slide provides a list) Column 2 – Number of pregnancies expected per 100 women Notice that you should put lease effective at the bottom and most effective at the top.

Abstinence Abstinence from sexual activity is the only certain means of avoiding unplanned pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases when transmitted through sexual contact, including HIV/AIDS, and other associated health and emotional problems Abstinence from sexual activity is the only certain means of avoiding unplanned pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases when transmitted through sexual contact, including HIV/AIDS, and other associated health and emotional problems

Abstinence Abstinence from sexual activity is the expected standard for school aged children Cited in NC law.

Advantages of Abstinence Delaying the onset of sexual activity provides healthier outcomes. Decreased # of lifetime partners Decreased risk of contracting a STI/STD Decreased risk of unplanned pregnancy Decreased risk of hurt emotions and mental angst Decreased risk of forming a “reputation” Decreased risk of being in an abusive/controlling relationship Increased opportunity that you will finish high school and be free to pursue your life goals!

No form of contraceptive will be demonstrated or disseminated. Choosing abstinence is the safest choice for students.

Barrier Methods Male Condom Female Condom Diaphragm with Spermicide Sponge with Spermicide Cervical Cap with Spermicide Spermicide Alone

Male Condom Effectiveness in preventing pregnancy Out of 100 people, 11-16 pregnancies are expected to occur. Does it protect me from sexually transmitted infections (STIs)? Male condoms don’t protect you from all STI/STDs, example: HPV Except for abstinence, latex condoms are the best protection against HIV/AIDS.

Female Condom Effectiveness in preventing pregnancy Out of 100 people, 20 pregnancies are expected to occur. Does it protect me from sexually transmitted infections (STIs)? Female condoms may provide some protection against contracting sexually transmitted infections.

Diaphragm with Spermicide Effectiveness in preventing pregnancy Out of 100 people, 15 pregnancies are expected to occur. Does it protect me from sexually transmitted infections (STIs)? This method has no protection against STIs

Sponge with Spermicide Effectiveness in preventing pregnancy Out of 100 people, 16 – 32 pregnancies are expected to occur. Does it protect me from sexually transmitted infections (STIs)? The Sponge with Spermicide has no protection against STIs

Cervical Cap with Spermicide Effectiveness in preventing pregnancy Out of 100 people, 17 - 23 pregnancies are expected to occur. Does it protect me from sexually transmitted infections (STIs)? The cervical cap with spermicide doesn’t prevent the transfer of STIs

Spermicide Alone Effectiveness in preventing pregnancy Out of 100 people, 30 pregnancies are expected to occur. Does it protect me from sexually transmitted infections (STIs)? Spermicide shows little evidence of preventing STIs

Hormonal Methods Oral Contraceptive (combined pill) Oral Contraceptive (Progestin – only) Oral Contraceptive (Extended/Continuous Use) The Patch Vaginal Contraceptive Ring Shot / Injection

Oral Contraceptive (combined pill) Effectiveness in preventing pregnancy Out of 100 people, 5 pregnancies are expected to occur. Does it protect me from sexually transmitted infections (STIs)? Oral contraceptives don’t protect against STI/STDs.

Oral Contraceptive (Progestin – only) Effectiveness in preventing pregnancy Out of 100 people, 5 pregnancies are expected to occur. Does it protect me from sexually transmitted infections (STIs)? Oral Contraceptive doesn’t protect against STIs.

Oral Contraceptive (Extended/Continuous Use) Effectiveness in preventing pregnancy Out of 100 people, 5 pregnancies are expected to occur. Does it protect me from sexually transmitted infections (STIs)? Oral Contraceptive doesn’t protect against STIs

The Patch Effectiveness in preventing pregnancy Out of 100 people, 5 pregnancies are expected to occur. Does it protect me from sexually transmitted infections (STIs)? The Patch doesn’t protect against STIs.

Vaginal Contraceptive Ring Effectiveness in preventing pregnancy Out of 100 people, 5 pregnancies are expected to occur. Does it protect me from sexually transmitted infections (STIs)? The Vaginal Contraceptive Ring doesn’t provide protection against STIs

Shot / Injection Effectiveness in preventing pregnancy Out of 100 people, 1 pregnancy is expected to occur. Does it protect me from sexually transmitted infections (STIs)? Shots / Injections don’t protect against STIs

Emergency Contraceptive Emergency Contraceptives consist of a combination of pills This combination of pills is often used: When the primary birth control method fails. A person has been a victim of sexual assault or rape. In North Carolina, emergency contraceptives can be obtained by a person 17 years of age or older without a prescription. If a person is under the age of 17 a prescription is required.

Implanted Devices Intrauterine Device (IUD) Implantable Implanted devices are inserted into the body and can be kept there for a few years. The IUD or intrauterine device and implantable rod are the two methods of using implanted devices.

Intrauterine Device (IUD) Effectiveness in preventing pregnancy Out of 100 people, 1 pregnancy is expected to occur. Does it protect me from sexually transmitted infections (STIs)? Intrauterine Devices don’t provide protection against STIs

Implantable Rod Effectiveness in preventing pregnancy Out of 100 people, 1 pregnancy is expected to occur. Does it protect me from sexually transmitted infections (STIs)? Implantable Rods don’t provide protection against STIs

Permanent Method for Women Sterilization Surgery for Women Trans-abdominal Surgical Sterilization/Surgical Implant Sterilization Implant for Women Transcervical Surgical Sterilization Implant Men Sterilization Surgery Vasectomy

Trans-abdominal Surgical Sterilization/Surgical Implant Effectiveness in preventing pregnancy Out of 100 people, 1 pregnancy is expected to occur. Does it protect me from sexually transmitted infections (STIs)? Trans-abdominal surgical sterilization/surgical implants don’t protect against STIs

Transcervical Surgical Sterilization Implant Effectiveness in preventing pregnancy Out of 100 people, 1 pregnancy is expected to occur. Does it protect me from sexually transmitted infections (STIs)? Transcervical surgical sterilization implants don’t provide protection against STIs

Vasectomy Effectiveness in preventing pregnancy Out of 100 people, 1 pregnancy is are expected to occur. Does it protect me from sexually transmitted infections (STIs)? A Vasectomy doesn’t provide protection against STIs

Dependability Method Estimated Birth Control Effectiveness STI Protection Male Condom 89% - 84% Effective Some Female Condom 80% Effective Maybe, needs more research Diaphragm with Spermicide 85% Effective No Sponge with Spermicide 84% - 68% Effective Cervical Cap with Spermicide 83% - 77% Effective Spermicide Alone 70% Effective Oral Contraceptive (Combined pill) 95% Effective Oral Contraceptive (Progestin-only) Oral Contraceptive (Extended/Continuous Use) Vaginal Contraceptive Ring Shot / Injection > 99% Effective “Morning After Pill” Intrauterine Device Implantable Rod Trans-abdominal Surgical Sterilization/Surgical Implant Transcervical Surgical Sterilization Implant Vasectomy Abstaining from all sexual contact 100% - 100% Effective Yes List of estimated birth control effectiveness and STI protection.

Based on today’s data What would you suggest to someone that wants to be 100% free unplanned pregnancies and STI/STDs transmitted through sexual contact? ABSTINENCE

Abstinence