TRAINING ANATOMY 1. Nerves – trigger message from brain 2. Fibers – long, thin hair like structures that cause muscles to move 3. Blood vessels – provide oxygen and energy to fibers 4. Connective Tissues A. Tendons – connect muscle to bone B. Ligaments – connect bone to bone C. Cartilage – cushion between bones

430 Anatomy (cont.) Three types of muscles in your body Cardiac – Heart 2. Smooth – Organs 3. Skeletal - Movement 430

MUSCLES Body moves through “contractions” Concentric – “work” phase, muscle contracts & shortens Eccentric – “rest” phase, muscle releases & expands

Genetic Potential Inherit a set number and % of fibers Fast Twitch (white) lack blood and oxygen A. Used for quick, powerful activities B. Not good for endurance Slow Twitch (red) full of blood and oxygen A. Used for endurance

Trapezius Deltoids Latissimus Dorsi Pectorals Flexors Biceps / Triceps Glutes Abdominals Abductor / Adductor Hamstrings Quadriceps Gastrocnemius

Benefits to Training PREVENTS INJURY Increase size and strength of fibers Increase strength and density of bones Increase strength of tissues PREVENTS INJURY

Benefits (cont.) Increase muscular endurance Increase flexibility Increase Sport Performance Improve Personal Appearance Reduce stress