October 6, 2017 Journal: What organ is pictured below? What type of cut was performed on this organ?

Skeletal System

Types of Bones Long Bones Short Bones Flat Bones Irregular Bones

Long Bones Longer than they are wide Found in your arms and legs

Short Bones Fairly equal in width and length Found in your wrists and ankles

Flat Bones Thinner bones that can be either flat or curved, but plate-like Examples: Skull, ribs, breastbone

Bone Anatomy

Periosteum Tough, fibrous connective tissue that covers the bone Contains blood vessels, lymph vessels, and nerves Acts as an anchor point for tendons and ligaments

Regions of the Bones Diaphysis - The middle of the bones between the two ends Epiphysis - the ends of the bones

Medullary Cavity Hollow region within the diaphysis Storage area for bone marrow

Bone Marrow Yellow Marrow: high in fat content Can be converted into red bone marrow in emergencies when massive amounts of blood are lost Red Marrow: produces red blood cells

Bone Tissues Compact bone tissue Spongy bone tissue

Compact Bone Tissue Dense, hard tissue Composes the stem of long bones and the outer layer of other bones

Compact Bone Tissue Parts Osteons (Haversian Systems) - have mature bone cells (osteocytes) that form concentric circles around blood vessels Run parallel to each other so enough oxygen and nutrients can get to the bone cells Protein fibers, calcium and other minerals fill the area around the osteocytes

Spongy Bone Tissue Made up of trabeculae An irregular arrangement holes between tissues give it a spongy look

Spongy Bone Tissue Parts Endosteum: connective tissue similar to periosteum lines the spongy tissue Helps make bones weigh less Provides space for red bone marrow