Properties of Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids

Metals Properties of Metals Located to the left and below the diagonal line in the periodic table. Metals

Properties of Metals Metals are usually solids at room temperature Good conductors of heat and electricity High melting points and boiling points (except Hg) High densities (except some group 1 metals) Metals are shiny and reflect light

Properties of Metals Malleable – can be bent, pounded into sheets Ductile – can be stretched into wire without breaking

Properties of Metals Mainly have 1, 2, or 3 outer shell electrons. React with nonmetals to form ionic bonds.

Properties of Metals Metallic Bonds Metal atoms are surrounded by a sea of electrons because they are not held tightly

Properties of Nonmetals Nonmetals are located to the right of the stair step line. H NONMETALS

Properties of Nonmetals The nonmetals exist in all three of the states of matter at room temperature: gases (such as oxygen), liquids (such as bromine), and solids (such as carbon).

Properties of Nonmetals Nonmetals are not able to conduct electricity or heat very well. Nonmetals have much lower melting and boiling points than metals. Nonmetals are not nearly as dense as metals.

Properties of Nonmetals The nonmetals have no metallic luster, and do not reflect light. Nonmetallic elements are very brittle, and cannot be rolled into wires or pounded into sheets. Sulfur powder

Properties of Nonmetals They have 4 to 8 outer shell electrons. Nonmetals bond with other nonmetals to form covalent bonds.

Hydrogen The Group 1 Nonmetal (oh, bother!) Most of the hydrogen found in the world is found in water.

Properties of Metalloids Metalloids are located on the staircase line, dividing metals from non metals. Metalloids

Properties of Metalloids Have a mixture of metallic and nonmetallic properties. Can form ionic or covalent bonds. Semi-conductors: Can conduct heat and electricity to some extent.