Take out your notes from this weekend. Mustang Monday, Oct. 5, 2015 “Courage is not the absence of fear, but rather the judgment that something else is more important than fear.”  —Ambrose Redmoon Agenda: Precious Time FN: Religious Turmoil in the Netherlands and England Home Fun: Kagan 397-402/ Terms 63-67 Create a graphic organizer (flow chart, cause and effect chart, etc..) that explains the revolt in the Netherlands and its effects. Precious Time: Take out your notes from this weekend. Read over notes and highlight. Add in questions and interactions 10 minutes

Phillip II & Granvelle try to stop Protestant gains Flow Chart Event Phillip II & Granvelle try to stop Protestant gains Flow Chart Causes Effects Event Netherlands Independence Cause and Effect Chart

Religious Turmoil in the Netherlands and England EQ - What was the impact of religious turmoil on England and how was it connected to the international conflict between Spain and England? What was the result of this?

States and Other Institutes of Power = SP Key Concept’s 1.3 Religious pluralism challenged the concept of a unified Europe. 1.3.2 – Religious reform both increased state control of religious institutions and provided justifications for challenging state authority. 1.3.3 Conflicts among religious groups overlapped with political and economic competition within and among states Course Themes States and Other Institutes of Power = SP SP-2 – Explain the emergence of and theories behind the New Monarchies and absolutists monarchies, and evaluate the degree to which they were able to centralize power in their states. SP-3 – Trace the changing relationship between states and ecclesiastical authority and the emergence of the principle of religious toleration. SP-3 – Analyze how and why Europeans have marginalized certain populations over the course of their history.

Pillars of Spanish Power – Phillip II New World Riches gold bullion from Spanish Colonies Silver mines of Potosi Increased Populations widens economic gap between the wealthy and the peasants Castilian peasants = most taxed people in Europe Efficient Bureaucracy and Military Mediterranean Control Mediterranean Sea battle against Turkey leads to the deaths of 30,000 Turks Giving Spain control of the Mediterranean Suppressed Portuguese resistance

Revolt in the Netherlands Netherlands were the richest part of Europe Cardinal Granville – leader of the council in the Netherlands, wanted to stop Protestant gains through church reforms William of Orange –led revolt against Granville and had him removed from office 1564 - the Compromise a pledge by Philip II to Louis of Nassau (Orange’s brother) to reject the decrees of Trent and the Inquisition revolt by the Protestants after they were called “beggars” by Regent Margaret is violently put down by Philip II ‘s , duke of Alba who executes thousands of suspected heretics

Revolt in the Netherlands

Independence for the Netherlands William the Orange comes out of exile - leads the ind. movement against Spain takes over Calvinist strongholds in North Alba is replaced by Don Luis de Requesens Spanish Fury – Spanish mercenaries leave 7,000 people dead in November 4, 1576 the massacre unites Protestant and Catholic Netherlands versus Spain under the Pacification of Ghent Spain signs Perpetual Edict, Nov. 1577, calling for the removal of all Spanish troops from the Netherlands

The Spanish Fury

Netherlands Independence Con’t Southern provinces peace with Spain in the Union of Arras and make one last effort to control the country William of Orange is assassinated and replaced by his son Maurice who with the help of England and France finally defeat Spain Truce signed in 1609 Recognizes full independence of the Netherlands in 1648 with the Peace of Westphalia

Take out your Doc. On Phillip III and the Spanish Economy Terrific Tuesday, Oct. 6, 2015 “Courage is not the absence of fear, but rather the judgment that something else is more important than fear.”  —Ambrose Redmoon Agenda: Warm-Up Class business Next exam = Mid-Term Baroque Art Journal FN: Religious Turmoil in the Netherlands and England Home Fun: Kagan 402-407/ Terms 68-77 Create a graphic organizer (flow chart, cause and effect chart, etc..) that explains the religious turmoil in England and its consequences. Take out your Doc. On Phillip III and the Spanish Economy Identify and explain at least three reasons for the decline of the Spanish economy under Phillip the II and III. Use examples from the text without directly quoting the text.

Religious Turmoil in England Henry VIII Started Ref. Divorce issue Church of Eng. Head of Church – finally gets divorced Wobbles back and forth between protestant and catholic practices Succession Son Edward VI – short reign (5 yrs) dies Mary I – Bloody Mary Elizabeth I – Greatest Tudor

Religious Turmoil in England Mary I of England 1554 – Marries Phillip II of Spain Militant Catholicism Lost Calais to the French Brought Inquisition to England Hundreds of protestants were executed for heresy Very unpopular – came to be known as Bloody Mary

Elizabeth I of England Came to the thrown after Mary I’s death merged broadly defined Protestant doctrine with traditional Catholic ritual, Becomes the Anglican Church all anti-Protestant legislation repealed 1563 Thirty-Nine Articles is issued making Protestantism the official religion of England animosity grows between England and Spain over dominance of the seas

Catholic and Protestant Extremists radical Catholics wanted I Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots on thrown. Puritans – Protestants who wanted to purify the church of any “popery”, had two grievances about Elizabeth the retention of Catholic ceremony in the Church of England the continuation of the Episcopal system of church governance

Catholic and Protestant Extremists con’t Presbyterians – Puritans creation of an alternative national church of semiautonomous congregations governed by representative presbyteries Congregationalists -wanted every congregation to be autonomous Conventicle Act of 1593 – conform or die

Wonderful Wednesday, Oct. 7, 2015 “Courage is not the absence of fear, but rather the judgment that something else is more important than fear.”  —Ambrose Redmoon Agenda: Warm-Up Thirty Years War Chart – Kagan 407-414 / Terms 77-82 Home Fun: Terms Quiz Tomorrow – Terms 56-76, also know the Peace of Augsburg and Counter/Catholic Reformation. Read mark and annotate docs. Warm-Up Identify and explain two specific challenges to Elizabeth I’s reign early on. How did she overcome these challenges? 1 paragraph tomorrow insetead

Mary, Queen of Scots Catholic ruler of Scotland forced to abdicate the throne and flee to England and her cousin Elizabeth I Elizabeth puts Mary under house arrest for the fear of a Catholic England uprising , uncovers two plots against her life Mary is connected with the assassination attempts and is executed by Elizabeth on February 18, 1587 Ends all hope of a Catholic England and leads to the invasion of the Spanish Armada

The Defeat of the Spanish Armada Sir Francis Drake of England, shells the Spanish port of Cadiz and raids Portugal delaying the invasion of the Spanish Armada a huge Spanish fleet of 130 ships and 25,000 sailors is crushed by the swifter defending British navy (1/3 of the Armada never return to Spain) Protestant resistance everywhere is given hope and Spain is never again a world power

The Defeat of the Spanish Armada

The Defeat of the Spanish Armada