What was THE RENAISSANCE?

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Presentation transcript:

What was THE RENAISSANCE?

Renaissance- means rebirth, revival in art, literature, science, politics, economy, medicine

Southern Renaissance Happened in Italy (cities of Milan, Florence, Venice, Genoa) Trading centers, wealthy Wealthy business men spent $ on arts and education

The Medici of Florence City-states were independent Merchants- rich, involved in politics, earned status w/ success The Medici family- wealthy & powerful in Florence Lorenzo the Magnificent

New Education Humanism- focuses on individual potential and accomplishments, less emphasis on the church, more individual creativity The Humanities- subjects like history, poetry, philosophy, rhetoric

“Renaissance Man” master of many subjects and talents (writer, artist, musician and athlete) “Renaissance Woman” studied many subjects, mostly in private women were to inspire art, not create it

Renaissance Art painted in realistic view, religious subjects, portraits Perspective- gives 3-D look

Leonardo da Vinci A realist- studied music, botany, architecture, anatomy (dead bodies to improve his painting), drew early flying machines and submarines

THE MONA LISA

Mona Lisa

The Last Supper

Vitruvian Man

Da Vinci Flying Machines

Michelangelo Sculptor, painter, engineer, architect, poet Statue of David (18’) w/ Greek influence Sistine Chapel ceiling (took 4 yrs) Designed dome on St. Peter’s Cathedral in Rome

Dome of St Peter's - 1564

Raphael Studied da Vinci and Michelangelo Painted the Madonna (Mary) w/ Child (Jesus) Painted walls in the Vatican

Renaissance Literature Written in the vernacular (not Latin), individual ideas, Many “How To” books The Book of the Courtier - Baldassare Castiglione- How to be a Renaissance Man well-mannered, master of many subjects, educated, athletic The Prince - Machiavelli- guide to success in politics (lie, cheat, steal vs. honesty & integrity) “...it is far better to be feared than loved if you cannot be both.”

NORTHERN RENAISSANCE

NORTHERN RENAISSANCE Developed later than in Italy- recovering from the plague and Hundred Years war Began in the Flanders Region (N. France, Belgium, Netherlands)

Northern Renaissance Art

Jan and Hubert Van Eyck- oil paints, scenes of daily life, religion

Arnolfini Wedding Portrait

Pieter Brueghel- vivid color, commoners

Albrecht Durer- (German) engravings on plates to make prints, art now available and affordable

NORTHERN RENAISSANCE WRITING Desiderius Erasmus- Dutch, translated the Bible to the vernacular, wrote about church corruption Thomas More- England, wrote Utopia, about an ideal society (no greed, crime, corruption or war)

William Shakespeare English poet & playwright wrote 37 plays b/t 1590-1613, comedies, tragedies and historical plays (A Midsummer’s Night Dream, Macbeth, Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, Julius Caesar), often dealt with human flaws & errors over 1700 words appear for the 1st time (bedroom, lonely, hurry, sneak, etc.)

Miguel de Cervantes Spain- wrote “Don Quixote” parody of chivalry

Printing Revolution Johann Gutenberg (German) 1st printing press First edition Bible in 1456 By 1500- 20 million books printed in Europe, all subjects, ideas spread, books affordable Bible read and interpreted by many who wanted religious reform