Classification of Living Organisms Taxonomy Classification of Living Organisms

Taxonomy Taxonomy- The branch of science related to the classification of living organisms Organisms in the same category have similar traits. Domains and Kingdoms will have the greatest number of species with the most general similarity in traits Organisms that are in the same genus will share many traits and are closely related Domain Have the students draw the graphic organizer into their journals

Taxonomy Species name- Scientists name species by combining the genus and species. The genus is capitalized and the species is not. Both are italicized. Example- The genus for humans is Homo and the species is Sapiens. Homo sapiens or H. sapiens are acceptable. The species name for a Tiger Is Panthera tigris or P. tigris Panthera – Genus tigris- species Have the students draw the graphic organizer into their journals

Domains of Life The most general category. All of life is categorized into 3 Domains: Archaea Bacteria Eukarya

Archaea Prokaryotic Cells that have no nucleus or membrane bound organelles Many are extremophiles that live in extreme environments Single Cell Organisms Likely the among the 1st forms of life

Bacteria Prokaryotic Cells that have no nucleus or membrane bound organelles Single Cell Organisms First forms of life Different than Archaea because cell walls are made of a different bio-molecule

Eukarya Eukaryotic cells that have membrane bound nucleus and membrane bound organelles More complex cells that evolved after prokaryotic cells Organisms in this Domain are single cell and multi-cellular

Eukarya Kingdoms Eukaryotes are divided into 4 Kingdoms Protists Fungi Animalia Plantae

Protists Protista are simple, predominately unicellular eukaryotic organisms. Examples includes slime molds, euglenoids, algae, and protozoans. Some use photosynthesis (autotrophs) and some consume their food (heterotrophs) More complex than Archaea and Bacteria because they are Eukaryotic cells that have a nucleus.

Fungi Fungi do not carry out photosynthesis and obtain nutrients through absorption. Examples include sac fungi, club fungi, yeasts, and molds. Produce spores and are major decomposers

Animalia Animals are multi-cellular organisms composed of eukaryotic cells. The cells are organized into tissues and lack cell walls. Heterotrophic-They do not carry out photosynthesis and obtain nutrients primarily by ingestion. Examples include sponges, worms, insects, and vertebrates.

Plantae Plants are multicellular organisms composed of eukaryotic cells. The cells are organized into tissues and have cell walls. Autotrophic-They obtain nutrients by photosynthesis. Examples include mosses, ferns, conifers, and flowering plants.