Pharmaceutical Aids Pectin and Olive Oil PH103.62

Department of Technical Education Andhra Pradesh Name : BVSN Murty Designation : Lecturer in Pharmacy Branch : PHARMACY Institute : Govt.,Polytechnic for Women, Srikakulam Year/Semester : I Year Subject : Pharmacognosy Subject code : PH103 Topic : Pharmaceutical Aids Duration : 50 Mts Sub Topic : Pectin and Olive Oil Teaching Aids : PPT, Photographs PH103.62 ER-91/PH-103/1 of 5

Recap In the last class we learnt about: Pharmaceutical aids monographs of Starch Kaolin PH103.62

Objectives On completion of this period you would be able to know about: The monographs of Pectin and Olive oil PH103.62

Pectin Definition: Pectin is a complex carbohydrate found in nature in the middle lamella of plant cells forming colloidal solution in water. Biological source : By acid hydrolysis from inner portion of the rind of citrus peels Citrus limonis Family : Rutaceae PH103.62

Pectin Important sources : Lemon peel Orange peel Apple Pomace Carrots Sun flower heads Papaya Mangoes Fig.62.1 Lemon fruit PH103.62

Pectin Description : Colour : Cream or Yellowish powder Odour : Odourless Taste : Mucilaginous Solubility : Soluble in alcohol and other organic solvents PH103.62

Pectin Standards: Loss and drying : Not more than 10% Ash : Not more than 4 % Acid insoluble ash: Not more than 0.4% Chemical Constituents: Total hydrolysis of pectin yields D-galacturonic acid, Methyl alcohol, Traces of Galactose and Arabinose. PH103.62

Pectin Chemical tests : 1. 10% aqueous solution forms stiff gel on cooling 2. 5 ml of 1% solution + 2% KOH solution Transparent gel + dil.HCL Gelatinous ppt. White and flocculent PPT Room Temperature 15 minutes Boil PH103.62

Pectin Uses : Treat Diarrhoea, Internal or External haemorrhage Emulsifying agent, Thickening agent for sauces, jams Encapsulating agent PH103.62

Olive Oil Synonyms : Oleum olivae Biological Source: It is the fixed oil expressed from the ripe fruits of Olea europoea Family : Oleaceae Fig.62.2 Olive fruits PH103.62

Olive Oil Geographical source: United states Italy Spain Greece Turkey Tunisia Syria Fig.62.3 Olive fruits PH103.62

Olive Oil Solubility: Description: Colour : Pale yellow or greenish yellow Odour : Slight and Characteristic Taste : Bland, Faintly acrid Solubility: Slightly soluble in Alcohol & miscible with Carbon disulphide, Chloroform and ether PH103.62

Olive Oil Standards: Specific gravity : 0.910 to 0.915 (25OC) Iodine value : 79 to 88 Saponification Value : 190 to 195 Free fatty acids : The free fatty acids in 10 gm require for neutralisation not more than 5 ml of 0.1N sodium hydroxide PH103.62

Olive Oil Chemical Constituents : Olein Palmitin Linolein PH103.62

Olive Oil Uses : Emollient and soothing agent Used to soften the skin and crusts in eczema and Psoriasis Nutrient, Demulcent, Mild laxative Used as vehicle for oily suspensions for injections PH103.62

Summary In this class we learnt about Pectin is the purified carbohydrate product obtained by acid hydrolysis from inner portion of rind of citrus peels Citrus limonis. It is used as emulsifying agent, treat diarrhoea Olive oil is fixed oil expressed from the ripe fruits of Olea europoea It is used as Emollient, soothing agent,mild laxative PH103.62

Quiz Pectin is used as Encapsulating agent Diluent Protective & Absorbent All of the above PH103.62

Quiz 2. Pectin belongs to Rutaceae Apidae Rhodophyceae Graminae

Quiz 3. Olive oil is used as Adsorbent Vehicle Clarifying agent All of the above PH103.62

Quiz 4. Olive oil is soluble in Water Alcohol Phenol Warm water

Frequently Asked Questions Write the uses and constituents of Pectin 2. Write the monograph of pectin and Olive oil 3. What are Pharmaceutical aids. Give examples PH103.62