Achievements of IFAD - Grant project Nos. 532 and 954/ICRISAT/VAAS in Vietnam NT. Chinh, and Team Vietnam Academy of Agricultural sciences Hanoi, Vietnam

Crops: Groundnut, Soybean and Mungbean. Main Project locations: Project Partners: Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences (VAAS) IFAD loan-financed project: - RIPD Tuyen Quang (2002-2005) - IMPP Ha Tinh ( 2008 -2011) - DBRP Cao Bang (2011) 3. Local Government (Department of Agriculture & Agricultural Extension of Tuyen Quang, Cao Bang and Ha Tinh provinces) Crops: Groundnut, Soybean and Mungbean. Main Project locations: Chiem Hoa district of Tuyen Quang province (IFAD Grant No 532 and No 954) Huong Son and Loc Ha disticts of Ha Tinh Province (IFAD Grant No 954) Trung Khanh district of Cao Bang province (IFAD Grant No 954)

Main activities FP-ICM in groundnut, soybean and mungbean FPVs in groundnut, soybean and mungbean FP-ICM in groundnut, soybean and mungbean Up and out scaling of FPV and FP-ICM in groundnut,soybean and mungbean Seed system Value addition and linkages with market Mainstreaming FPRE in NARS and its impact Impact assessment of FP legume technologies Knowledge empowerment of farmers and other stakeholders

Major achievements: List of farmer-preferred varieties (FPVs) Groundnut: Varieties L 14 and L 23 with high yield, large seed size, resistance to foliar diseases and wide adaptation with capability to withstand moisture stress. Soybean: Varieties DT 26, DT84 and DVN 14 with high yield, medium growth-duration, suitable for autumn-winter season of Cao Bang and Tuyen Quang provinces Mungbean: Varieties DX 11 and DX 17 with high yield (1.2-1.6 ton ha-1), good quality, short and medium growth-duration, suitable for autumn season of Ha Tinh province.

Major achievements (cont): 2. Farmer participatory ICM Groundnut Seed treatment: With Rovral 50WP @ 3g kg-1 of seed to control Aspergillus niger and Sclerotium rolfsii Fertilizers: Balanced NPK fertilizers application (30:90:60), 8-10 ton of manure fertilizer or microorganism-organic fertilizer Song Giang Lime application: 400 kg ha-1 of lime applied in two split doses (before sowing and 10 days after flowering) Plant density: 35-40 plants m-2 Plant protection: Spray of Daconil two times (40 and 60 DAS) @15-17g 10 L-1 of water to control foliar diseases

Major achievements (cont): 2. Farmer participatory ICM Soybean Fertilizers: 1ton of manure + 40 kg N + 60 kg P205 + 60 kg K20 ha-1 [(manure, superphosphate as basal application; nitrogen and potassium as top dressing two times (at 2-3 leaf and before flowering stage)] Plant density: 30-35 plants m-2 Plant protection: Sprays of Regent, Sumidicin as and when needed to control bud mite, leaf roller and pod borer

Major achievements (cont): 2. Farmer participatory ICM Mungbean Fertilizers: 40 N + 60 P205 + 60 K20, [(superphosphate as basal application; nitrogen and potassium as top dressing two times (at 3-4 leaf stage and at 6-7 leaf stage)] Plant density: 20 plants m-2 in autumn season Plant protection: Use insecticide to control aphids, broad mite, pod borer and leaf roller (Regent, Padan, BTWP etc. ) when needed.

Major achievements (cont): 3. Up and out scaling of FPVs and ICM technologies Chiem Hoa district, Tuyen Quang province Groundnut: Groundnut yield has increased from 1.76 t ha-1 in 2002 (before the project) to 3.19 t ha-1 in 2011 and the groundnut area from 1197 ha in 2002 to 3004 ha in 2011. About 94% of the groundnut area is covered by FPVs L 14 and L 23. More than 40% farmers have adopted new technologies. Soybean: Additional cropping season after harvesting summer rice – winter soybean season- by growing soybean varieties DT 84 and DT 26 has improved income for farmers by about 20-25 million VND ha-1 (1000-1250 US$). Earlier after summer rice fields were kept fallows.

Major achievements (cont): 3. Up and out scaling of FPVs and ICM technologies Huong Son district, Ha Tinh province Groundnut: With the introduction of two new groundnut varieties, groundnut yield of Huong Son has increased from 1.64 t ha-1 in 2007 to 2.28 t ha-1 in 2011. The total production increased from 4275 ton in 2007 to 5651 ton in 2011 while groundnut area remained the same. Mungbean: Two mungbean varieties (DX 11 and DX 17) were preferred by farmers. These varieties of mungbean can be grown in autumn season in fallow lands increasing the cropping intensity to two crops in a year. Addition of one autumn mungbean season increased farmers’ income by 25-30 million VND ha-1 (1200-1500 US$).

Major achievements (cont): 4. Seed production In Tuyen Quang province, in recent years, farmers produced about 800-1000 ton of groundnut seed each year in autumn season. The produce not only self-supported enough seed for spring groundnut season of Tuyen Quang province but also was sold to farmers in the neighboring districts/ provinces.  In HaTinh province is a new location therefore farmers produced only 100-120 ton groundnut seed each year, which was not sufficient to meet the local needs.

Major achievements (cont): 5. Value addition and linkages with market Traditional supply chain Exporters big aggregators small aggregators Farmers Transporters Traders Domestic consumption Too many number of intermediaries  high supply cost  reduce farm gate price and farmer’s income. New supply chain Export Trader Companies (Thanh Sen distribute cooperative) Producers SHG Domestic consumption Less number of intermediaries, benefited farmers in terms of higher prices and reduced transaction costs. Farmers benefited to the extent of 100 VND kg-1 groundnut sold.

Major achievements (cont): 6. Knowledge empowerment of farmers and other stakeholders Thousands of extension workers and farmers from project locations were trained in varietal selection, crop management, seed production and safe storage practices. Thousands of leaflets in local language were distributed to farmers and other stakeholders. In addition, many farmers’ field days that involved thousands of farmers and local officials were also organized.

Lessons learnt Select locations where farmers and local officials express interest in project activities. Similarly, select carefully promising varieties and ICM and other technologies that are cost effective and farmer-friendly. Establish linkages between scientists and extension workers, extension workers and farmers and farmers to farmers. Liaise with local Goverments and provincial projects to ensure up- and out-scaling of FPVs and other technologies in a sustainable manner