Respiratory and Circulatory Functions Chapter 30

Circulatory System – transports blood and other materials Circulatory System – transports blood and other materials. Respiratory System – facilitates gas exchange (O2 and CO2).

Red Blood Cell (RBC) – cell containing hemoglobin that carries O2 from lungs to other cells. RBCs also carry CO2 from cells to the lungs.

Hemoglobin – an iron-rich protein that binds to for O2 molecules Hemoglobin – an iron-rich protein that binds to for O2 molecules. Iron is what gives hemoglobin a red color.

Question: Since hemoglobin is a protein, do you need lipids to make it?

Question: Since hemoglobin is a protein, do you need sugars to construct it? Answer: NO, but you do need amino acids since amino acids are the building blocks of proteins?

Four heart chambers 1) left atrium 2) right atrium 3) left ventricle 4) right ventricle.

Three Blood Vessel Types: Arteries: carry blood away from heart Three Blood Vessel Types: Arteries: carry blood away from heart. Veins: carry blood towards heart. Capillaries: Very small, carry blood to cells

The pulmonary circuit is the flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back. The systemic circuit is the flow of blood from the heart to the rest of the body and back.

Systolic Blood Pressure – the pressure on an artery produced when left ventricle contracts. Diastolic Blood Pressure – the pressure on an artery when the left ventricle relaxes.

Factors that affect Blood Pressure (yes, write these). Blockage (diet) Strength of heart Emotional stress Physical activity

CIRCULATORY DISEASES Arteriosclerosis – thickening of the arteries which makes them inflexible. Atherosclerosis- plaque buildup which blocks the flow of blood in blood vessels.

CIRCULATORY DISEASE RISK FACTORS (yes, write these) 1. Smoking 2 CIRCULATORY DISEASE RISK FACTORS (yes, write these) 1. Smoking 2. Sedentary Lifestyle 3. Poor Diet