Warm Up What is a religion? What questions does religion try to answer?

Religious Discussions We teach about religions We will be respectful We won’t speculate about Truth (Capital T) Every religion tells us something about humanity Every religion can look strange from outside

Religious Discussions Understanding religions will help us understand why the world is the way it is today It will help us understand the decisions that people make It will help us understand how people interact in the Modern World We are all learning (including me)

Warm Up: Judaism How is Abraham different from other individuals we have met this year?

Judaism What is the name of the Jewish Holy Book? How is the Jewish God (Yahweh) different than other Gods we have studied?

The Abrahamic Religions Judaism Christianity Islam All come from Abraham. All tell the story of Abraham in their holy books.

The Story of the Jews God promises to protect Abraham’s people, and give them the land of Canaan (Israel) The Covenant: Abraham promised to obey God. In return, God protects him and his descendants.

Abrahamic Religions The word of the Lord came to Abraham in a vision: “Do not be afraid, Abraham. I am your shield…” 7 God also said to Abraham, “I am the Lord, who brought you out of Ur to give you this land [Israel].”

Abraham and Isaac

Abraham’s First Sacrifice 8 But Abraham said, “Sovereign Lord, how can I know that I will gain possession of it?” 9 So the Lord said to him, “Bring me a cow, a goat and a ram, each three years old, along with a dove and a young pigeon.”

The Covenant 13 Then the Lord said to him, “Know for certain that for four hundred years your descendants will be strangers in a country not their own and that they will be enslaved and mistreated…” 18 On that day the Lord made a covenant with Abram and said, “To your descendants I give this land…”

Abraham, Sarah (Sarai), and Isaac

The Test 2 And God said, Take now thy son, thine only son Isaac, whom thou lovest, and get thee into the land of Moriah; and offer him there for a burnt offering upon one of the mountains which I will tell thee of.

3 And Abraham rose up early in the morning, and saddled his donkey, and took two of his young men with him, and Isaac his son, and cut the wood for the burnt offering, and rose up, and went unto the place of which God had told him. 4 Then on the third day Abraham lifted up his eyes, and saw the place. 5 And Abraham said unto his young men, Abide ye here with the donkey; and I and the lad will go yonder and worship, and come again to you.

6 And Abraham took the wood of the burnt offering, and laid it upon Isaac his son; and he took the fire in his hand, and a knife; and they went both of them together.

7 And Isaac spoke unto Abraham his father, and said: “My father,” and Abraham said, “Here am I, my son.” And Isaac said, “Behold the fire and the wood: but where is the lamb for a burnt offering?” 8 And Abraham said, My son, God will provide himself a lamb for a burnt offering: so they went both of them together.

9 And they came to the place which God had told him of; and Abraham built an altar there, and laid the wood in order, and bound Isaac his son, and laid him on the altar upon the wood. 10 And Abraham stretched forth his hand, and took the knife to slay his son.

This God demands obedience

11 And the angel of the Lord called unto him out of heaven, and said, Abraham, Abraham: and he said, Here am I. 12 And he said, Lay not thine hand upon the lad, neither do thou any thing unto him: for now I know that thou fearest God, seeing thou hast not withheld thy son, thine only son from me. 13 And Abraham lifted up his eyes, and looked, and behold behind him a ram caught in a thicket by his horns: and Abraham went and took the ram, and offered him up for a burnt offering in the stead of his son.

15 And the angel of the Lord called unto Abraham out of heaven the second time, 16 And said, By myself have I sworn, saith the Lord, for because thou hast done this thing, and hast not withheld thy son, thine only son: 17 That in blessing I will bless thee, and in multiplying I will multiply thy descendants as the stars of the heaven, and as the sand which is upon the sea shore; and thy descendants shall possess the gate of his enemies;

Recap What do you remember from Friday? Who? What? Where? Why? How are the people we met on Friday different than other people we have met? How is Yahweh different than other Gods we have studied?

The Abrahamic Religions: Judaism, Christianity, Islam 18 And in thy descendants shall all the nations of the earth be blessed; because thou hast obeyed my voice.

Big Problems The Exodus. What Holiday celebrates the Exodus? Who led it? What did God give to this leader?

The Story of the Jews Migrated to Egypt Enslaved in Egypt

Ten Plagues of Egypt Water to blood Frogs Gnats or Lice Flies Livestock Diseased Boils Thunder and Hail Locusts Darkness Death of the Firstborn

And if thou refuse to let them go, behold, I will smite all thy borders with frogs. (Exodus 8:2)

“Hop” to it Moses Time to “Kermit” my revenge I hope the Egyptians “croak” I guess this is the “frog” of war Are you in de-Nile about Moses? I “toad” you to set my people free

The Story of the Jews Passover: God protects the Jews

Moses on Mount Sinai

The Ten Commandments Similar to Hammurabi’s code? A Covenant: A Mutual Promise Graven Image=Idol worship (worshipping a physical representation of the gods) How are the Ten Commandments: Similar to Hammurabi’s code? Different from Hammurabi’s Code?

“Graven Images” and False Idols

Back to Israel

The Story of the Jews King Solomon: The Wise King King of Israel (Canaan) Built the First Temple in Jerusalem Mount Zion/Temple Mount The Judgment of Solomon

The Judgment of Solomon

1 Kings 3:16- 28

The First Temple

The Story of the Jews Assyrians (Babylonians) conquer Israel Destroy the First Temple!

The First Temple! Babylonians!

The Babylonian Captivity

The Story of the Jews Cyrus the Great and the Persians conquer Babylon Allows the Jews to return to Jerusalem The Jews build the Second Temple in Jerusalem. The Romans take control of the Middle East (Christianity begins)

The Story of the Jews The Jews Rebel against the Romans (twice) .

The Romans Destroy the 2nd Temple!

Romans! The Second Temple!

The Western Wall: “The Wailing Wall”

The Western Wall and the Dome of the Rock

The Jewish Diaspora 70 CE-1948 CE

The Abrahamic Religions: Create a short (8 panel) comic retelling the Story of Abraham and the Origin of Judaism Include: The Story of Abraham The Exodus Egypt (Passover) Moses and Mt. Sinai King Solomon The Babylonian Captivity The Jewish Diaspora A caption for each On the back: Write a thesis statement answering this prompt: How will the origins of Judaism impact the development of the religion?