Stem-Changing Verbs (SCV) A stem-changing verb is a special verb that has a change in the “stem” (part left after dropping the ending). There are 4 types of stem changes in Spanish: eie, ei, oue, uue. There is NO STEM CHANGE IN THE NOSOTROS FORM! Only one verb out of thousands stem-changes from uue in Spanish: Jugar (to play sport/game). All ei stem-changing verbs will be –ir verbs. Sometimes, a verb will have more than one “e”. If this happens, stem change the “e” that is CLOSEST TO THE ENDING.

Stem-Changing Verbs (LIST 1) oue almorzar- to eat lunch contar- to count/tell a story mover- to move dormir- to sleep morir- to die mostrar- to show costar- to cost recordar- to remember volver- to return (place) devolver- to return (item) rogar- to pray encontrar- to find soñar- to dream volar- to fly resolver- to resolve apostar- to bet demonstrar- to demonstrate doler- to hurt/ache llover- to rain probar- to test/try/taste remover- to remove poder- to be able/can

Stem-Changing Verbs (LIST 1) eie cerrar- to close entender- to understand mentir- to lie encender- to ignite/turn on advertir- to warn fregar- to mop comenzar- to start/begin empezar- to start/begin confesar- to confess pensar- to think perder- to lose preferir- to prefer arrepentir- to regret/be sorry heder- to stink mentar- to mention merender- to have a snack negar- to deny querer- to want/love recomendar- to recommend nevar- to snow

Stem-Changing Verbs (LIST 1) ei repetir- to repeat pedir- to ask for/order/request medir- to measure reír- to laugh sonreír- to smile seguir- to follow servir- to serve vestir- to dress competir- to compete despedir- to say goodbye

Stem-Changing Verbs (LIST 1) uue 1. jugar- to play (sport/game)

Notes: Regular Present Tense The Present Tense is a verb tense that is used to tell what is happening now. It is very similar to the Present Progressive. In order to conjugate a verb to the present tense: a. drop the last two letters from the infinitive b. add the appropriate ending according to the subject and the type of verb: ar- verb endings -er verb endings -ir verb endings yo- o yo- o yo- o tú- as tú- es tú- es él, ella, Ud.- a él, ella, Ud.- e él, ella, Ud.- e nosotros- amos nosotros- emos nosotros- imos ellos, ellas, Uds.- an ellos, ellas, Uds.- en ellos, ellas, Uds.- en

Ejemplos You all are singing (c) 8. You (fs) are not talking/speaking (h) Uds. cantan - Ud. no habla I am writing (e) 9. The girls are not skiing (e) Yo escribo - Ellas no esquian The boys are listening (e) 10. Mr. (S) Woodard is not swimming (n) Ellos escuchan - Señor Woodard no nada You (fam) are cleaning (l) Tú limpias I am not eating (c) Yo no como He is not studying (e) Él no estudia You and I are not walking (c) - Nosotros no caminamos

Verb List #3 23 septiembre 2008 17. servir- to serve 18. soñar- to dream 19. sonreír- to smile 20. terminar- to finish 21. trabajar- to work 22. usar- to use 23. vender- to sell 24. ver- to see 25. vestir- to dress 26. viajar- to travel 27. visitar- to visit 28. vivir- to live 29. volver- to return (place) 30. devolver- to return (item) preparar- to prepare programar- to program proteger- to protect publicar- to publish querer- to want/to love recibir- to receive recordar- to remember recomendar- to recommend relajar- to relax repasar- to review repetir- to repeat responder- to respond reír- to laugh 14. rezar- to pray 15. salir- to leave/to go out 16. saltar- to jump

Ejemplos- SCV (Present Tense) An L. Ford Production ©2015 In order to correctly conjugate stem-changing verbs, use the REGULAR PRESENT TENSE ENDINGS; NOT THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE ENDINGS. Do NOT put "es"/"son" in these answers. The "is" and the "are" are INCLUDED in the conjugated verb. When a sentence has 2 verbs, you CANNOT conjugate both verbs if they are side by side. The first verb will conjugate, the second verb remains in the infinitive. (Ejs. 1 & 3) Anytime the word "to" is in front of a verb, it should remain in the infinitive. (Ejs. 1 & 3) *****DO NOT STEM-CHANGE IN THE NOSOTROS FORM!!!***** ____________________________________________________________________________ 1. You all are able to swim. -(poder, o-ue)- Uds. pueden nadar. *HOW/WHY?- I have 2 verbs; to be able and to swim. I CANNOT conjugate both verbs because they are side by side with nothing separating them. Also, the word "to" is in front of the verb swim, so this tells me to leave it in the infinitive. My ending is –en, because poder is an –er verb, and the subject is Uds. 2. She is repeating the answer. -(repetir, e-i)- Ella repite. *HOW/WHY?- I conjugated the verb to repeat in the she form of the present tense. I DO NOT have a word for "is"; it is included in the conjugated verb. If you put a word for "is" it will be wrong. My ending is –e, because repetir is an –ir verb, and the subject is ella.

Ejemplos- SCV-(Present Tense) An L. Ford Production ©2015 In order to correctly conjugate stem-changing verbs, use the REGULAR PRESENT TENSE ENDINGS; NOT THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE ENDINGS. Do NOT put "es"/"son" in these answers. The "is" and the "are" are INCLUDED in the conjugated verb. When a sentence has 2 verbs, you CANNOT conjugate both verbs if they are side by side. The first verb will conjugate, the second verb remains in the infinitive. (Ejs. 1 & 3) Anytime the word "to" is in front of a verb, it should remain in the infinitive. (Ejs. 1 & 3) *****DO NOT STEM-CHANGE IN THE NOSOTROS FORM!!!***** ___________________________________________________________________________ 3. I don't want to go to the movies tonight. (querer, e-ie)- Yo no quiero ir al cine esta noche. *HOW/WHY?- I conjugated the verb querer (to want/to love) into the "yo" form of the present tense. I have another verb in this sentence (to go). I left "ir" in the infinitive for 2 reasons. (1) I CANNOT conjugate 2 verbs side by side, (2) it says "to go". ANYTIME "to" is in front of a verb, it must remain in the infinitive! My ending is –o, because querer is an –er verb, and the subject is "yo". 4. Father and you are measuring the wall. -(medir, e-i)- Uds. miden la pared. *HOW/WHY?- I conjugated the verb medir (to measure) into the "Uds." form of the present tense. Anyone else+you will always be Uds. I do NOT have a word for "are" in my answer because it is included in the conjugated verb. My ending is –en, because medir is an –ir verb, and the subject is Uds.

Ejemplos- SCV-(Present Tense) An L. Ford Production ©2015 In order to correctly conjugate stem-changing verbs, use the REGULAR PRESENT TENSE ENDINGS; NOT THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE ENDINGS. Do NOT put "es"/"son" in these answers. The "is" and the "are" are INCLUDED in the conjugated verb. When a sentence has 2 verbs, you CANNOT conjugate both verbs if they are side by side. The first verb will conjugate, the second verb remains in the infinitive. (Ejs. 1 & 3) Anytime the word "to" is in front of a verb, it should remain in the infinitive. (Ejs. 1 & 3) *****DO NOT STEM-CHANGE IN THE NOSOTROS FORM!!!***** _________________________________________________________________________ 5. We are eating lunch in the cafeteria. -(almorzar, o-ue)- Nosotros almorzamos en la cafetería. *HOW/WHY?- I DID NOT do a stem-change on this verb. Why? NO STEM-CHANGES IN THE NOSOTROS FORM!!!!! My ending is –amos, because almorzar is an –ar verb, and the subject is nosotros. 6. You (fs) are having a snack in the kitchen. -(merender, e-ie)- Ud. meriende en la cocina. *HOW/WHY?- I conjugated the verb merender into the Ud. form of the present tense. You (formal singular= Ud.) My ending is an –e, because merender is an –er verb, and the subject is Ud.