Food & Energy HMS 7th Grade Science.

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Presentation transcript:

Food & Energy HMS 7th Grade Science

Nutrients Body converts the food you eat into 6 kinds of nutrients Carbohydrates Fats Proteins Vitamins Minerals Water

Calories Amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one liter of water by one Celsius degree = 1 Calorie Nutrition Labels

Carbohydrates Composed of carbon, oxygen and hydrogen Major source of energy One gram equals 4 Calories Chemical structure divides into 2 groups: simple (sugar) and complex (starch and fiber) Body converts the carbohydrates into glucose (a form of sugar used for energy)

Fats High energy nutrients Composed of carbon, oxygen and hydrogen Contain more than twice as much energy as an equal amount of carbohydrates (1g fat = 9 Calories) Form part of the structure of cells Fatty tissue protects and supports your internal organs Fatty tissue acts as insulation to keep heat inside and cushion your body Classified as unsaturated, saturated, and trans-

Proteins Nutrients that contain nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen and oxygen Needed for tissue growth and repair Can be used for energy, usually not Broken down into smaller units called amino acids Group into complete (animals) and incomplete (plants)

Vitamins Helper molecule in a variety of chemical reactions in the body Either fat soluble or water soluble

Minerals Nutrients that are not made by living things Obtain minerals by eating plant foods or animals that have eaten plants.

Water Most important nutrient due to the body’s vital processes Chemical reactions, such as the breakdown of nutrients, take place in water. Under normal conditions you should consume 2 liters of water every day.