Ionic Bonding

Key Terms Ion: a charged atom Cation: a positively charged ion Anion: a negatively charged ion Polyatomic ion: A group of 2 or more elements that act together as one ion

Ionic bonding When an atom that tends to lose electrons comes in contact with an atom that tends to gain electrons, the result is an electron transfer. The two atoms become a cation and an anion

Ionic bonding The two newly-formed ions are attracted to each other, and form an ionic compound These two ions are connected with an ionic bond Ionic bonds almost always involve one metal and one nonmetal

Ionic compound formulas The net charge of an ionic compound must be zero The formula shows the lowest ratio of the elements; cation then anion

Naming ionic compounds General rule: State the cation’s element name State the anion’s element name but change the end to -ide

Naming ionic compounds When the cation is a transition metal, you must state its charge as a roman numeral, then state the anion ending in -ide

Naming ionic compounds When the anion is a polyatomic ion, you state the cation’s element name, then state the special name for the polyatomic ion

12.1 and 12.2 Describe how atoms form new substances by transferring electrons (ionic bonding)