Let’s look deeper at our Geosphere and what it gives us: Minerals and You “Mining Minerals Matters in Your Everyday Life” (5 min.) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mxtiPEO0GLc Modern Mining and You (first 15 min) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GiN5aVvRLRk The Cycle of Mineral Collection and Mineral Uses

Separate/Group the minerals by properties: Use minerals #1 - #39 Sort into 3 or 4 piles by similar characteristics How are they alike? How did you decide to sort them? Color, luster, hardness, shape, weight,

Minerals: the building blocks of rocks pgs. 96-97 What are the 5 characteristics that make a mineral a mineral? All minerals are: Solid Natural (found in nature) Inorganic (never were living) have an orderly internal structure of atoms and crystals* have a definite Chemical composition (chemical formula) *Mineraloid - lacks an orderly internal structure

Mineral or Not??? Ruby Mercury Concrete Salt Cubic zirconia Sugar Ice YES NO, liquid No, man-made NO, synthetic NO, organic Metalloid, no crystalline structure Ruby Mercury Concrete Salt Cubic zirconia Sugar Ice Pearl

Minerals are composed of Elements Where did all the elements that make-up minerals originate? Stars! Show video clip http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9D05ej8u-gU Most Astounding Fact Neil DeGrass Tyson

Common minerals Some minerals are made from 1 element like: sulfur, copper, gold, iron , silver, carbon But most minerals are …Compounds Salt (NaCl) Calcite (CaCO3) Quartz (sand) (SiO2) Some are elements: sulfur, copper, gold, diamond There are over 4000 minerals, but only about a 20+ are common in the Earth’s crust and make-up all the rocks

Which Elements Make up the Earth’s crust (geosphere)? THE TOP 8 #1 Oxygen #2 Silicon #3 Aluminum #4 Iron #5 Calcium #6 Sodium #7 Potassium #8 Magnesium

Take #44 out of the box The ROCK Granite How many different colors are in granite? Find minerals # 6 #7 #26, So, a rock by definition is… A solid mass of one or more minerals mixed together in varying quantities.

Except….. Limestone rock (#58) is made of only ONE mineral: calcite (#3) Obsidian (#51), which is glass made of only ONE mineral – quartz (#7) Coal, which is organic matter.

Earth Science, 11e Bellringer: What specific characteristics help us to identify certain minerals?

Mineral Box Scavenger Hunt Which mineral… 1. Looks like glass ____ 2. Smells like rotten eggs ____ 3. Flecks of gold ____ 4. Is magnetic ____ 5. Is soft like powder ____ 6. Can write like a pencil ____ 7. Tastes salty ____ 8. Is heavy like lead _____ 9. Dried blood-red color ____ 10. Peels into thin sheets ____ #7 quartz #31 sulfur #22 pyrite #13 magnetite #1 talc graphite #18 halite #11 galena hematite #23/24 mica

Mineral Identification Purpose: To construct methods to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze characteristics Identify specific minerals Group them by similar physical and chemical characteristics Research their use as Earth’s resources Recyclable materials Renewable resources

To construct methods to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze characteristics Day 2

Define the characteristic Table 1 Table 2 Table 3 Table 4 Table 5 Table 6 Table 7 Mineral Specimen Number   Color Luster (Pg 105) Light Interaction (Pg 107) Streak Color (Pg 105) Hardness Number (Pg 106) Cleavage Or Fracture (Pg 105) Soluble in water (Research) Solubility in acid (Research) Other Properties: Magnetism, Fluorescence (Pg 107) Mineral name page 700- 701 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Each table is assigned a different characteristic. Define the characteristic Describe the characteristic qualitatively (words) Determine if and how it could be quantitatively measured.

Presentation of Test Procedures Groups explain the scale, rank, grouping of the characteristic to the class

Identify Minerals Use the data table of minerals and their qualitative and quantitative characteristics to identify the minerals by matching their characteristics to a table of known minerals (ESS text pg. 700-701)