Nursing Services Administration م.م.اثير محمد

Nursing Services Administration WHO expert committee on nursing defines the nursing services as" the part of the total health organization which aims to satisfy major objective of the nursing services is to provide prevention of disease and promotion of health."

Philosophy of Nursing Services Administration The basic tools of management are: mission statement, philosophy, objectives, policies and procedures standards. These are the blue prints for effective management.

Mission statement or purpose Is a brief statement of purpose of an organization and its future aim or function. This describes what it will be, and what it should be. This influences the development of an organization's philosophy, objectives, policies, procedures and standards.

Example of mission statement Babil referral hospital is a primary care facility and that provides comprehensive and holistic care to the people of region. The hospital provides preventive, Promotive, curative &rehabilitative care to the people of Babil city and the catchment area.

Philosophy The philosophy flows from the purpose/mission statement and delineates the set of values and beliefs that guide all actions of the organization. the nursing service philosophy should address fundamental belief about nursing, nursing care, quality, quantity, scope of nursing service and how nursing will specifically meet the organizational goals

Policies Policies are instructions that direct organizations in their decision- making. They also serve as guides to supervise actions of subordinates and thus provide the management with a means of internal control. Policies apply to patients, employees, and environment and inter departmental relationships or disciplines. Policies must be clearly stated and readily available to all concerned to promote consistency of action. E.g. Of policies: Premedication policy, sharp equipment policy, Leave policy.

Procedures Procedures are plans that are reduced to a sequence of steps of required action. Procedures identify the steps needed to implement a policy. They establish acceptable ways of accomplishing a specific task by outlining a set of activities in sequence with rationale E.g. Narcotic policy:

E.g. Narcotic policy: Procedure Step Rationale Two registered nurses must be present. To minimize error and protect the- patient while administering narcotics. Narcotics must be placed in special cupboard and locked. To avoid misuse. All narcotics supply must be checked at the beginning & end of each shift. To avoid misuse

Standards Standard is defined as desired quantity, quality / or level of performance with reference to a criterion against which performance is to be measured. E.g.: Every patient will have a written care plan. Criteria must be determined that indicates the standards are met to what degree they are met. For e.g.: standards regarding care plan for every '''patient is being met would be: "A nursing care plan is developed and written by a registered nurse within 12 hours of admission".

Purposes of Nursing Services in Hospital 1. Hospital services make up the core of a hospital's offerings. 2. They are often shaped by the needs or wishes of its major users to make the hospital a one-stop or core institution of its local community or medical network. 3. Hospital services cover a range of medical offerings from basic health care necessities or training and research for major medical and nursing schools. 4. Educates and trains the nurses; thereby enabling them to provide “quality care” to individuals of all ages, with an aim to promote health and prevent illness; to restore health and alleviate suffering.

Objectives of Nursing Services in Hospital Nursing Services , help the managers to: 1. Maximum comfort and happiness by way of pleasant surroundings. 2. Qualitative/comprehensive care to the patient. 3. Care based on the patient's needs. 4. Accurate assessment of illness. 5. Adequate material resources at all times. 6. Health education to the patient and attendants. 7. Managerial skills as and when required. 8. Privacy at all levels.

Clinical Supervision Clinical supervision has been defined as „An exchange between practicing professional to enable the development of professional skills‟ (Butterworth, 2001). Clinical supervision according to „The Gold Guide‟ to specialty training (Department of Health, 2007) involves being available, looking over the shoulder of the trainee, teaching on the job with developmental conversations, regular feedback and the provision of a rapid response to issues as they arise.

Evaluation of Nursing Services Service Evaluation is the process of judging the value or worth of an organizational achievements or characteristics. Service Evaluation is a decision making process that leads to suggestions for actions to improve participants‟ effectiveness and program efficiency. svaluation is the systematic application of scientific methods to assess the design, implementation, improvement or outcomes of a program.

Purposes of evaluation 1. Support and assist the physicians in medical care and carry out the procedures prescribed by them. 2. Establish and implement the philosophy, standards, policies, rules and procedures for the nursing service. 3. Delineate the duties and responsibilities among the nursing staff at various levels. 4. Estimate the requirement for nursing personnel, appointment of competent nurses and establishpolicies and programmes for their orientation, placement, on the job training and supervision.

5. Estimate the need for facilities, equipment and supplies. 6. Develop and maintain a system of recording patient care. 7. Organize and supervise the functioning of wards. 8. Ensure healthy work environment. 9. Train student nurses.

Types of Evaluation 1. Formative evaluation A formative evaluation (sometimes referred to as internal) is a method for judging the worth of a service program while the program activities are forming (in progress). This part of the evaluation focuses on the process. This type of evaluation permit the managers to monitor how well the organizational goals and objectives are being met. Its main purpose is to catch deficiencies so that the proper nursing interventions can take place that allows the nurses to master the required skills and knowledge.

2. Summative evaluation A summative evaluation (sometimes referred to as external) is a method of judging the worth of a program at the end of the program activities (summation). The focus is on the outcome. It can also be subdivided: a. Outcome evaluations Impact evaluation. b. Cost- effectiveness and . c. cost-benefit analysis . 3. Nursing audit Performance evaluation, include a. Critical incident method . b. Weighted checklist method. c. Paired comparison analysis . d. Graphic rating scales . e. Essay Evaluation method . f. Behaviorally anchored rating scales. g. Performance ranking method . h. Management By Objectives (MBO) method . i. Behavioral Observation Scales.