Hi-HOOO Mr. Krawiec Here and welcome to 5 minute Earth Science Todays Topic: Earth’s Moon

intro to moon.flv

Moon Earth System View of the Earth from the surface of the Moon

History of the Moon It is believed the Moon formed when a Mars size planetary object struck Earth early in its formation. This created an area of dust and fragments around Earth which came together to form the Moon. The object was absorbed into Earth. The heat generated would have melted Earth’s crust and bits of it were ejected into space.

Universe Sandbox x64 2015-12-01 23-06-30-67.avi evolution of the Moon surface.mp4

Moon’s Revolution The Moon rotational period is equal to the time it takes the Moon to revolve around Earth. Therefore we only ever see one side of the Moon (Tidal locked) Since the Moon moves in its orbit (13°)as Earth rotates, it takes an additional 50 min a day for the Moon to rise.

The moon reflects the Sun’s light The moon reflects the Sun’s light. As it orbits Earth we see different parts of the reflected surface of the Moon and this creates the Moon phases. The Moon is always half lit. When the Moon is behind Earth we see most of the lighted portion (Full Moon). When the Moon is between Earth and the Sun we see the darker portion (New Moon).

If the Right side is lit, the Moon is becoming more full Waxing Half Waxing Gibbous Waxing Crescent If the Right side is lit, the Moon is becoming more full Full Moon New Moon If the Left side is lit, the Moon is becoming more dark (New) Waning Crescent Waning Gibbous Waning Half

Lunar Month Sun Earth Therefore a Lunar Month is approximately 28 days long or 4 weeks. Distant Star Moon It takes the Moon 27⅓ days to complete one orbit around Earth But it takes 29½ days for it to complete a phase cycle

Eclipses Eclipses occur when either the Moon enters Earth’s Shadow (lunar Eclipse) or when the Moon casts a Shadow on Earth (Solar Eclipse). Does not occur every month because the Moons orbit is tilted 5° to Earth’s orbital plane.

Eclipse Occurs Solar Lunar No eclipse

Can only occur during the Full Moon Phase. Lunar Eclipse Partial eclipse occurs when only part of the moon enters the shadow. Usually occurs when the moon is farther away from Earth Lunar Eclipse occurs when the moon enters Earth’s Shadow. Umbra penumbra Can only occur during the Full Moon Phase. Total Eclipse is when the moon enters the umbra. Usually occurs when the Moon is closer to Earth

Solar Eclipses can occur during the New Moon phase Solar eclipse occurs because the moon casts a shadow on Earth. Area of Eclipse Path of Eclipses Solar Eclipses can occur during the New Moon phase

Types of Solar Eclipses Annular verses Total Eclipse Annular occurs when the Moon is farther away from the Earth Total occurs when the Moon is closer to the Earth

Tides Tides are caused because the Sun’s and Moon’s gravitational pull on Earth causes the Oceans to bulge. As Earth rotates it moves under this bulge and tides are formed.

Tidal Times Two high tides and two low tides occur each day Because the Moon revolves around Earth the Tides are 50 minutes later each day

Spring and Neap Tides Neap Tides occur when the Moon and the Sun are 90° to each other. This cause a more moderate change in tides. Occurs during waxing and waning half phases Spring tides occur when the Moon and Sun align and create higher high tides and lower low tides. Occurs in the New and Full Moon Phase