Rosario Turrisi INFN Padova (Italy) for the ALICE collaboration

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Presentation transcript:

Rosario Turrisi INFN Padova (Italy) for the ALICE collaboration Perspectives for the measurement of beauty production via semileptonic decays in ALICE Rosario Turrisi INFN Padova (Italy) for the ALICE collaboration

Contents Motivation: energy loss ALICE detector highlights Performances: electron separation and vertexing Be+X: attainable statistics and errors Be+X: sensitivity of energy loss measurement B+X: strategy and performance Conclusions Krakow, July 7, 2006 Rosario Turrisi "Perspectives for semileptonic beauty measurement with ALICE"

Physics motivation b production cross section transverse momentum spectrum In AA: quarkonia dissociation energy loss In pp: (p)QCD test bench AA, pA baseline not covered here (+pA) disentangle medium effects Heavy quarks: abundant yield produced early travel ~4 fm in the medium probe the collision dynamics! ALICE: very low pt explored, complementary to other LHC exps. PbPb (0-5% centr.) 5.5 TeV pp 14 TeV QQ (NN ) [mb] 0.21 0.51 NQQ per collision 4.56 0.0072 HERA-LHC workshop CERN-2005-14 Krakow, July 7, 2006 Rosario Turrisi "Perspectives for semileptonic beauty measurement with ALICE"

High pt suppression at RHIC Method: compare mesons’ pt distribution in pp and AA: =1 if no medium effect Observed at RHIC for light flavors and charm Reproduced by q = 4-14 GeV2/fm (see next slide) ^ electrons from c/b decay light-flavored hadrons pT (GeV/c) Calculations: Armesto, Dainese, Salgado, Wiedemann, PRD71 (2005) 054027 Krakow, July 7, 2006 Rosario Turrisi "Perspectives for semileptonic beauty measurement with ALICE"

Possible explanation: gluonsstrahlung interactions may occur by gluon in-medium radiation (quenching) the amount of quenching depends on: color charge: CR=4/3, 3 if quark or gluon, resp. (Casimir factor) heavy/light probes (b,c vs. direct pions) quark mass (beauty/charm comparison) dead cone effect path length L Dokshitzer, Kharzeev, PLB519 (2001) 199 Armesto, Salgado, Wiedemann, PRD69 (2004) 114003 Q medium dependence Gluonstrahlung probability mass dependence Baier, Dokshitzer, Mueller, Peigné, Schiff, (BDMPS), NPB483 (1997) 291 Krakow, July 7, 2006 Rosario Turrisi "Perspectives for semileptonic beauty measurement with ALICE"

Energy loss at LHC A promising strategy: study the pt-dependent ratio… …RAA of D or B mesons produced in AA and pp: quark energy loss …between RBAA and RDAA (beauty/charm ratio): mass dependence …between RB/DAA and RhAA (heavy/light probes): color charge dependence NB: study of charm detection performance done! see ALICE “Physics Performance Report”, J. Phys. G30 1517-1763 & CERN/LHCC 2005-030 Krakow, July 7, 2006 Rosario Turrisi "Perspectives for semileptonic beauty measurement with ALICE"

The ALICE Detector -4 < h < -2.5 |h| < 0.9 muons TPC + silicon tracker (ITS=SSD+SDD+SPD) e/p, K, p,… separation in TRD -4 < h < -2.5 muons Krakow, July 7, 2006 Rosario Turrisi "Perspectives for semileptonic beauty measurement with ALICE"

Detection strategy: Be+X Background sources: pions misidentified as electrons charm decay electrons Dalitz decays photon conversions strangeness decays signal: <1 electron/ev out of ~103 (all pt’s)! Detection strategy electron ID in TPC + TRD pT cut-off impact parameter cut-off specific for pp: primary vertex optimization c~500m  compare with 100-300 m from charm mb~5 GeV  hard pt spectrum impact parameter in bending plane per la cdf saga vedi mangano hep-ph/0411020 Krakow, July 7, 2006 Rosario Turrisi "Perspectives for semileptonic beauty measurement with ALICE"

Impact parameter resolution Be+X d0 resolution Silicon Pixel Detector 2 layers, R=4 and 7 cm, ~107 channels pt > 1 GeV/c  < 60 mm (rf) ~12m asymptotic BEAM (Z) pixel size 50425 m d0 resolution Krakow, July 7, 2006 Rosario Turrisi "Perspectives for semileptonic beauty measurement with ALICE"

Electron separation Be+X Combined strategy TRD+TPC fraction of misidentified pions Combined strategy TRD+TPC TRD rejects 99% of pions and 100% of heavier hadrons (90% electron efficiency) TPC (via dE/dx analysis) rejects again 99% of pions at 90% electrons efficiency (at low pt’s) Krakow, July 7, 2006 Rosario Turrisi "Perspectives for semileptonic beauty measurement with ALICE"

Electron spectra from b Be+X Results for electrons detection in: pp, 14 TeV, 109 events (“one year run”) PbPb, “one month run” 107 events ALICE standard ‘underlying’ event  dNCH/dy=6000 systematic and statistical errors studied in detail pp PbPb Krakow, July 7, 2006 Rosario Turrisi "Perspectives for semileptonic beauty measurement with ALICE"

B-meson level cross section Using electrons in 2 < pt < 20 GeV/c obtain B meson 2 < ptmin < 30 GeV/c MC-based procedure à la UA1* inner bars: stat. errors outer bars: stat.  pt-dep. syst. errors not shown: 9% normalization error quenching curves for illustration E Loss Calculation: Armesto, Dainese, Salgado, Wiedemann, PRD71 (2005) 054027 * C. Albajar et al., UA1 Coll., Phys Lett B213 (1988) 405, Phys Lett B256 (1991) 121 Krakow, July 7, 2006 Rosario Turrisi "Perspectives for semileptonic beauty measurement with ALICE"

Beauty quenching Be+X Reconstruction of meson-level cross section (details on request…) RAA (RHIC-like analysis) sensitivity to quenching/mass RBD (pure quark, no quark/gluon effect) prefers mass effect NB: study of charm detection performance done! see ALICE “Physics Performance Report”, J. Phys. G30 1517-1763 & CERN/LHCC 2005-030 Krakow, July 7, 2006 Rosario Turrisi "Perspectives for semileptonic beauty measurement with ALICE"

Beauty in the muon channel B+X Muon spectrometer: pseudorapidity coverage: -4<<-2.5 absorber + tracking chambers layers + trigger chambers (22 layers) 15 interaction lengths, but pt as low as 1-1.5 GeV/c pt resolution ~ 2% %    geom 12 5 3 track 75 46 51 track 62 29 34 trigger 53 17 23 4 7 5 bb pairs / central Pb-Pb collision (5 %) 88 % Krakow, July 7, 2006 Rosario Turrisi "Perspectives for semileptonic beauty measurement with ALICE"

B-meson level cross section B+X Method: combined fit of 3 muon data samples (singles, low mass OS, high mass OS) w/fixed shape and b amplitude as the only free parameter MC to derive with pt as low as 1 GeV/c ! (UA1 method, see C. Albajar et al., UA1 Coll., Phys Lett B213 (1988) 405, Phys Lett B256 (1991) 121 ) evaluate stat. and syst. errors pT[GeV/c] 1.5-2 1-2.5 2.5-3 3-4 4-5 5-6 6-9 9-12 12-15 15-20 Signal (fit) 4% 3% 2% 8% 12% Efficiency 10% Total pT-dep. 11% 13% 16% Decay of ,K Normalisation 9% Total pT-indep Krakow, July 7, 2006 Rosario Turrisi "Perspectives for semileptonic beauty measurement with ALICE"

Conclusions Heavy flavors can play an outstanding role as QCD test bench in AA reactions at LHC: at low pt explore small-x region at high pt probe the QCD extended medium via energy loss The studies outlined in this talk suggest that ALICE has a good potential in this field: semielectronic decays in central barrel (-0.9<<0.9) semimuonic decays in muon arm (-4< < -2.5) Same observable (Eloss) from two different analyses in the same experiment! … and a lot has been left out: charm hadronic and semileptonic decays e- coincidences indirect J/ b tagging via topological selections (Lot of) work in progress in the ALICE Physics Working Group 3 “heavy flavors”… Krakow, July 7, 2006 Rosario Turrisi "Perspectives for semileptonic beauty measurement with ALICE"

Errors evaluation on e’s spectra Be+X Estimation of errors: MC corrections (efficiency, acceptance, etc.) fixed at 10%, pt-independent. indetermination on charm subtraction evaluated using as reference our study on hadronic charm detection normalization error not shown Krakow, July 7, 2006 Rosario Turrisi "Perspectives for semileptonic beauty measurement with ALICE"

Energy loss at LHC A promising strategy: study the pt-dependent ratio… …RAA of D or B mesons produced in AA and pp: quark energy loss study of charm energy loss done! see …between RBAA and RDAA (beauty/charm ratio): pure quark analysis Calculation of energy loss at LHC energies: Armesto, Dainese, Salgado, Wiedemann, PRD 71 (2005) 054027. Krakow, July 7, 2006 Rosario Turrisi "Perspectives for semileptonic beauty measurement with ALICE"

Charm/light ratio R(D)Bh mass+color charge effect Krakow, July 7, 2006 Rosario Turrisi "Perspectives for semileptonic beauty measurement with ALICE"

Extraction of a minimum-pT-differential cross section for B mesons Using UA1 MC method (*), also adopted by ALICE m (thanks to R.Guernane for useful discussions) The B meson cross section per unit of rapidity at midrapidity with pTB > pTmin is obtained from a scaling of the electron-level cross section measured within a given electron phase space e The semi-electronic B.R. is included here The phase space used is where pT are the previously used bins,  = [-0.9, 0.9] and d0 = [200,600] m (*) C. Albajar et al., UA1 Coll., Phys Lett B213 (1988) 405 C. Albajar et al., UA1 Coll., Phys Lett B256 (1991) 121 Krakow, July 7, 2006 Rosario Turrisi "Perspectives for semileptonic beauty measurement with ALICE"

Extraction of a minimum-pT-differential cross section for B mesons Using UA1 MC method, also adopted by ALICE m Systematic error for - semi-electronic decay B.R.: ~ 3 % - dependence on the shape of the B meson pT distribution used as input in the MC: can be minimized using a proper choice of pTmin for a given phase space e  see following slides - Monte Carlo correction for the efficiency of the selection cuts: this is, in principle, depending on the B meson pT distribution, and should be then evaluated at this stage of the analysis. For the present feasibility study we account for it with a 10% systematic. Krakow, July 7, 2006 Rosario Turrisi "Perspectives for semileptonic beauty measurement with ALICE"

Extraction of a minimum-pT-differential cross section for B mesons Using UA1 MC method, also adopted by ALICE m Evaluation of and determination of the optimal pTmin 1) we used the B  e + X decays from PYTHIA. is the ratio of the red area to the blue one. here pTe = [3,4] GeV/c Krakow, July 7, 2006 Rosario Turrisi "Perspectives for semileptonic beauty measurement with ALICE"

Extraction of a minimum-pT-differential cross section for B mesons Evaluation of and determination of the optimal pTmin 2) in the HVQNMR program we changed the theory parameters: a) quark mass and scales b) nuclear modification of the PDFs c) b  B fragmentation (Peterson) d) add the quenching (q = 100 GeV2/fm (*))  (*) N. Amesto, A. Dainese, C. A. Salgado, U. A. Wiedemann, hep-ph/0501225 Krakow, July 7, 2006 Rosario Turrisi "Perspectives for semileptonic beauty measurement with ALICE"

Extraction of a minimum-pT-differential cross section for B mesons Evaluation of and determination of the optimal pTmin F ~ 1 % Can find an optimal pTmin for pTe > 2 GeV/c Krakow, July 7, 2006 Rosario Turrisi "Perspectives for semileptonic beauty measurement with ALICE"