AMPHIBIANS Dr. Tyrone http://pbskids.org/dragonflytv/scientists/scientist51.html

newt salamander Legless amphibians Toads/frogs CAECILIANS

E. METAMORPHOSIS FROM LARVA TO ADULT AMPHIBIANS ARE THE ONLY VERTEBRATES WITH A LIFE CYCLE THAT INCLUDES METAMORPHOSIS TRIGGERED BY HORMONE THYROXINE DURING META. A DOUBLE LOOP, 3 CHAMBERED HEART, REPLACES A SINGLE LOOP, 2 CHAMBERED ONE

METAMORPHOSIS TEACHER’S DOMAIN ANIMAL METAMORPHOSIS

A. MOVEMENT & SUPPORT ADAPTATION FROM WATER TO LAND IS STILL EVIDENT IN AMPHIBIANS Webbed Feet/sticky pads Ears behind eyes –tympanic membrane Moist skin Exchange CO2/O2 through skin

A. MOVEMENT & SUPPORT LEGS: LIMBS EXTEND OUTWARD TO LIFT THE BODY OFF THE GROUND LIMBS ALLOW THEM TO LEAP WALK SIDE TO SIDE, SIMILAR TO HOW FISH SWIM SIDE TO SIDE FEET: WEBBED FOR SWIMMING Video

B. RESPIRATION Amphibians LAND Skin is moist to diffuse CO2 for O2 through cell membrane Also use lungs also for gas exchange lungs stay moist because they are double membrane filled w/fluid. Like humans WATER use gills either at larval stage (tadpole) or as an adult.

Anatomic features for GAS EXCHANGE B. RESPIRATION Anatomic features for GAS EXCHANGE 1. GILLS 2. SKIN 3. LUNGS 4. MOUTH MUCUS GLANDS keep skin, & respiratory system moist

C. CIRCULATION In larval stage tadpoles have a double chambered heart 1 atria 1 ventricle Closed circulatory system Mixing of 02 rich/poor blood Single loop

CIRCULATION http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/sciencenow/3209/05.html Adult frogs develop a 3 chambered heart 2 atria 1 ventricle Closed circulatory system Separation of 02 rich/poor blood 2 loop

DIGESTION http://video. nationalgeographic MOST EAT INSECTS LARVAL STAGES EAT ALGAE SYSTEM BEGINS AT MOUTH, ENDS AT CLOACA

D. FROG DIGESTIVE SYSTEM CLOACA

F. REPRODUCTION NG Video Mud puddle Frog Video FEMALES USUALLY LAY EGGS IN H2O OR ON A PLANT, NEAR WATER THE MALE FERTILIZES THE EGGS WITH SPERM GELLY-TYPE COATING OR FOAM PROTECTS THE EGGS FROM DRYING OUT. http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/frog_greentree_lifecycle http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/frog_mudpuddlemate

FROG’S EXTERNAL ANATOMY 6 WEB FOOT NARES HIND LEGS EAR (TYMPANIC MEMB) DORSAL AREA FORELIMB VENTRAL AREA MOUTH LOWER LID UPPER LID 2 9 11 McGraw Hill virtual lab http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/genbio/virtual_labs_2K8/labs/BL_16/index.html 10 1

Mouth

Left Atrium

Fat body oviduct Fat body Kidney Testes Kidney ureter Cloaca Egg Sac Cloaca Bladder Bladder