Update on WRC-12 Issues Impacting Wireless Avionics Intra-Communications (WAIC) ITU-R Working Party 5B and Future Regulatory Considerations Joe Cramer September 2010

Agenda AVSI and WAIC Importance of WAIC WRC-12 Agenda Items Impacting WAIC AI 1.11 AI 1.12 ITU-R Working Party 5B Update Issues Discussed and Documents Potential Future WRC Agenda Item ICAO and Future Course of Action ICAO and ITU-R Support

AVSI and WAIC What is the Aerospace Vehicle Systems Institute (AVSI) Aerospace Vehicle System Institute - A cooperative of companies, academia and government agencies. Members include Airbus, BAE Systems, Boeing, Bombardier, Embraer, Goodrich, Gulfstream, GE Aviation, Honeywell, NASA, United Technologies. Focus on developing improved aerospace vehicles. Creates an environment for collaboration on research and development projects; investigates emerging technologies; and influences standards and policies to promote cost effective systems development and certification. What is Wireless Avionics Intra Communications (WAIC) Radiocommunication between two or more points on a single aircraft. Includes integrated wireless components and/or installed components. Part of a closed, exclusive network required for operation of the aircraft. Does not provide air-to-ground, air to satellite, or air-to-air communications. Only safety related applications are being contemplated.

WAIC Technical Characteristics WAIC is based on short range radio technology (< 100m) WAIC operates with low transmission power (< 10 mW) Main application area is internal, within fuselage/cabin External transmission via directive antennas (e.g. landing gear, wings) WAIC is to be classified as AM(R)S because: (cf. RR Article 1.33) communication in WAIC systems takes place between aircraft stations communication in WAIC systems is related to safety and regularity of flight WAIC systems will be installed primarily onboard civil aircraft operated along national or international civil air routes

Importance of WAIC to Aviation Industry Environmental Benefits Less wiring will reduce aircraft weight, enabling less fuel burn. Increased Reliability Fewer connector pins/failures, cracked insulation, & broken conductors Mesh networks could provide redundancy Safety Improvements: Wireless links can provide redundancy Reduce amount of aging wiring and associated malfunction issues fewer connector pins/failures, lower risk of cracked insulation & broken conductors

Importance of WAIC to the Aviation Industry Operational Efficiency Improvements Ability to obtain more data from aircraft surfaces Easier and more reliable access to maintenance data, particularly for rotating and moving parts (e.g. wheel wells, actuators, etc.) Less wire maintenance to remediate chafing conditions Simplify and reduce life-cycle cost of airplane wiring Reduced weight should save fuel costs

Wireless Avionics Intra-Communications (WAIC) Communications between Aircraft and Ground Satellite Communication Communications between aircraft Airport Satellite PAX Connectivity Scope of WAIC External Internal Mobile Phone Live-IP Radio, TV, IFE Machine -to- Cabin Crew Flight Deck Crew Cabin Control Sensors Structural sensors Cargo data Cabin crew voice/data Flight deck crew voice/data Video surveillance September 2010

Examples of Potential WAIC Applications Low Data Rate, Interior Applications: Sensors: Cabin Pressure - Smoke Detection - Fuel Tank/Line - Proximity - Temperature - EMI Incident Detection - Structural Health Monitoring - Humidity/Corrosion Detection Controls: Emergency Lighting - Cabin Functions Low Data Rate, Outside Applications: Sensors: Ice Detection - Landing Gear Position Feedback - Brake Temperature - Tire Pressure - Wheel Speed - Steering Feedback - Flight Controls Position Feedback - Door Proximity - Engine Sensors - Cargo Compartment - Structural Sensors High Data Rate, Interior Applications: Sensors: Air Data - Engine Prognostic - Flight Deck/Cabin Crew Still Imagery / Video Comm.: Avionics Communications Bus - FADEC Aircraft Interface - Flight Deck/Cabin Crew Audio / Video (safety-related) - Flight -Operations related Digital Data (e.g. EFOS…) High Data Rate, Outside Applications: Sensors: Structural Health Monitoring - Imaging Sensors (Still and Video) Controls: Active Vibration Control Comm.: Avionics Communications Bus

WRC-12 Agenda Items Impacting WAIC Seeks to determine if the aeronautical mobile service should not be permitted in the 37-38 GHz band No current aviation systems in this band. Until 2008, no aviation systems were considered in this band. However, WAIC might be able to use this band ICAO Position To oppose excluding aeronautical use of the existing mobile service allocation in the band 37 - 38 GHz. To support the use of technical protection limits to ensure that any future AMS system in the band 37 - 38 GHz will be compatible with other co-primary services.

WRC-12 Agenda Items Impacting WAIC CITEL Draft Position – Consistent with ICAO Position CEPT Position – Eliminate Aeronautical Mobile Service APT Position – Support the sharing studies ASMG Position – Support sharing studies & eliminate AMS if studies show sharing is not possible ATU Position – TBD Aerospace Industry wants to protect Space Research Service Not likely that Fixed applications will intersect with aircraft. WP 5B provided preliminary technical information to WP 7B and to 5C (responsible groups) WP 5B asked 7B if any WAIC classifications are acceptable. No response

WRC-12 Agenda Items Impacting WAIC Seeks to permit the Space Research Service in the 22.55-23.15 GHz band. Liaison statement to WP 7B sent that states WAIC will not consider this band.

ITU-R Working Party 5B - Update WP5B is lead ITU-R Group WAIC Draft New Report Inputs from CEPT, US, Brazil and Canada Technical Characteristics and Operational Objectives of WAIC Systems Sent to Study Group 5 for approval at November Meeting

ICAO and Future Course of Action Likely Future WRC Agenda Item for WAIC Draft Proposals being circulated in US, Brazil, Germany (possibly CEPT or multi-country), and possibly Canada. World-wide allocation(s) must be obtained Spectrum usage must fall within ICAO Convention in order to obtain benefits for equipment certification. No bands being proposed in Drafts

ICAO and ITU-R Regional Support If an Agenda Item is approved, then support from ASMG, ATU and ICAO is required Because WAIC will provide safety benefits, how should it be incorporated into the ITU-R Regulations? AM(R)S? Mobile Service with Footnote providing priority? Other? The Service Definition chosen for WAIC requires support Need to consider how to meet ITU and ICAO requirements: Obtaining AM(R)S spectrum will be extremely difficult given the fact WAIC will have to share band with incumbent service.

Classic AM(R)S/AMS(R)S Ground Station Aeronautical Mobile (Route) Service (AMS) - example: HF Voice – (2 - 30 MHz) VHF Voice – (117.975 -137 MHz) Satellite Aeronautical Mobile Satellite Service

ICAO and ITU-R Regional Support WAIC could be classified as AM(R)S - it complies with RR Article 1.33 1.83 aircraft station: A mobile station in the aeronautical mobile service, other than a survival craft station, located on board an aircraft. A WAIC transmitter can be considered an “aircraft station” because it is located on an aircraft. 1.32 aeronautical mobile service: A mobile service between aeronautical stations and aircraft stations, or between aircraft stations, … Communication between WAIC transmitters conforms with the requirement “between aircraft stations”. 1.33 aeronautical mobile (R)* service: An aeronautical mobile service reserved for communications relating to safety and regularity of flight, primarily along national or international civil air routes. WAIC applications are defined as limited to safety applications. WAIC systems will be installed onboard civil aircraft operated along national or international civil air routes