Meteotsunamis http://www.eumetrain.org/data/8/82/print.htm

Seebär in the Baltic Sea What are meteotsunamis? Sea level oscillations with periods from few minutes to a few hours generated by meteorological disturbances. The are formed by of atmospheric gravity waves, pressure jumps, frontal passages, and squalls. Rissaga Abiki Marrobbio milghuba in Malta šćiga in Croatia Seebär in the Baltic Sea

Greenspan resonance Shelf resonance http://blog.geogarage.com/2013/02/

Panama City Beach Meteotsunami 28th March, 2014; Period 2.4 hours; max surge 0.9 m Meteorological tsunamis are sea level oscillations with periods from few minutes to a few hours generated by meteorological disturbances. Historically these kind of extreme non-seismic destructive events were described as “events of unknown origin”. Studies performed in the last decades relates the formation of these waves to the presence of atmospheric gravity waves, pressure jumps, frontal passages, and squalls. Unlike seismic or landslide related tsunamis, the occurrence and impact of meteorologically generated tsunamis is more local. However, the effects at the local scale can be as severe as those caused by tsunamis and can be responsible for destructive flood and catastrophic effects in harbors (Ravinovich et al, 2009). Meteotsunamis occur regularly and have specific names in some specific coastal areas: Rissaga in Ciutadella (Spain), Marubbio in Sicily (Italy), Abiki in Nagansaki Bay (Japan), and Seeb¨ar in the Baltic Sea. Although not regularly, the occurrence of these long waves of meteorological origin has been reported in many other places around the World including the Yellow Sea, the Adriatic Sea, the Aegean Sea, the English, the Great Lakes, the northwestern Atlantic coast, the Argentine coast, and the New Zealand coast. On 28th March 2014 around 17:30 UTC large sea level oscillations were reported at Panama City Beach (FL). The maximum storm surge levels recorded reached 1.2 m with 2.4 hours period approximately. Fortunately, when the meteotsunami hit Panama City Beach, the beach was not crowded and did not cause any life loose, although it caused several material damages and could also contribute to the beach erosion observed after the storm.

SURFACE WEATHER MAPS March 28th, 13:00 UTC March 29th, 13:00 UTC

US NATIONAL REFLECTIVITY MOSAICS A squall line is a line of thunderstorms that can form along or ahead of a cold front. In the early 20th century, the term was used as a synonym for cold front. It contains heavy precipitation, hail, frequent lightning, strong straight-line winds, and possibly tornadoes and waterspouts. Strong straight-line winds can occur where the squall line is in the shape of a bow echo.

Naples tidal gauge surge analysis: 1995-2012

1999/1/3 at 6:45 am (UTC time) 2006/2/4 at 2:25 am (UTC time) 2012/13/4 at 1:25 am (UTC time)

FREE SURFACE RESULTS FROM PRELIMINARY SIMULATIONS

How are meteotsunamis formed? (Monserrat et al., 2006) Proudman resonance. Greenspan resonance. Shelf resonance. Harbor resonance. Dean and Dalrymple, 1994