Purpose of Government Chapter 1

Essential Questions: What are the major functions of government and how do they benefit society? Write the question and give an explanation and explain how they are beneficial. (5 mins.) Be ready to explain your answer.

What is Government? Institution that makes and enforces its public policies for its people. Legislative Make laws Structure public policy Executive Execute Enforce Administer law Judicial Interpret laws Determine meanings Settle disputes

State Describe the three main components of most governments. Population Territory Sovereignty Government Describe the three main components of most governments.

Functions of Government Ensure National Security Maintain Order Resolve Conflict Provide services Provide for the Public Good

Critical Thinking How might ideas about the public shape policy? Explain.

Theories of Government Divine Right Theory Social Contract Theory Force Theory Evolution Theory How do social contract theory and force theory differ in their explanations of the origins of the state?

Types of Government Autocracy: One person holding unlimited power Oligarchy: Small Self-appointed elite Unitary: Centralized government: All gov’t powers belong to a single central agency Federal: Power divided between central and local Confederation: alliance between independent states Presidential: 3 branches are separate but coequal Parliament: Executive power vested in a cabinet (legislature) who are responsible to the legislature

Group Activity Scenario: Your group has been transported to an island or other isolated area, and must decide on a new government. Task: 1. List the type of government you want. 2. The Functions it will perform. Be able to explain why? 3. How it will benefit the people once implemented 4. How political leaders will be selected 5. Create End Product: Share you plan with the class. Your class will determine which is best by vote. (Note: No two governments are alike.)

Second Treatise of Government

6 Forms of Government “ We the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.”

Recognizing Propaganda Turn to page 17 Read Critical Thinking : Skills for Life Complete the following skill: 1. Determine whether the item constitutes propaganda 2. Analyze the purpose of the propaganda. 3. Draw Conclusions

Basic Concepts of Democracy What rights should the minority have in a democracy? Majority Rule vs. Minority Rights Worth of a person Equality for all persons Majority rule, Minority Rights Necessity of Compromise Individual Freedom

Free Enterprise

Close up: on the Supreme Court Page 23 Review constitutional grounds on which each case based its argument and information presented. Which viewpoint do you favor? Why? ( Discussion) How will the courts decision affect the availability of internet access in the libraries? Page 805

Political Beginnings Ordered, Limited, and Representative Government. Common Features of State Constitution 1. Popular Sovereignty 2. Limited Government 3. Civil Rights and Liberty 4. Separation of Powers

Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation Turn to page 45. Ratifying the Constitution 1. Federalists: Stressed the weakness of the Articles. ( Create a constitution) 2. Anti-Federalists: Rejected the Constitution.\ Why? Absence of God, States power: Print money.

Understanding the Constitution Turn to page 758 As your group reads through the U.S. Constitution answer the Scavenger Hunt questions on your own paper. Keep this paper so you may study from it.

Homework Review your Chapter One notes this weekend and prepare for a quiz on Tuesday, August 30th at the start of class.

Essential Thought Think about your family and determine how power is divided. Are you given the flexibility to make decisions over your life or are you restricted by your parents or guardians? After determining this, explain whether this is effective or not. This is a part of your notes and will be discussed.

Federalism Federalism is a political system with a written constitution that divides powers between its National and “local” government. Is federalism is a positive or negative system? Unitary Local gov’t must follow to national gov’t decisions Local gov’t can be altered or abolished by national gov’t Local gov’t lacks final sovereignty over gov’t activity

What powers are given to the National Government delegated powers - powers specifically given by the Constitution. Most of these are exclusive powers, or powers that belong only to the National Government. Expressed powers are those listed in the Constitution. Implied powers are not listed but are suggested. Inherent powers are those that national governments have historically possessed. Some powers delegated to the National Government are concurrent powers. It shares these powers with the States. The States’ powers are called reserved powers.

Review Questions What is the difference between exclusive and concurrent powers?

Peer Group Activity Turn to Article 1: Sections 8-10 Each group will target one of the following: Powers delegated to the National Government Powers delegated to the Local government Powers delegated to the States Concurrent Powers

National Powers Concurrent Powers State Powers Coin money Levy and collect taxes Regulate trade and business within the State Regulate interstate and foreign trade Borrow money Establish public schools Raise and maintain armed forces Establish courts Pass license requirements for professionals Declare war Define crimes and set punishments Regulate alcoholic beverages Conduct foreign relations Claim private property for public use Conduct elections Govern U.S. territories and admit States Establish local governments