Seminar 4 – Part 2 Mobile Commerce Ref: Chapter 7: Turban and Volonino

Learning Objectives Discuss the characteristics, attributes, and drivers of mobile computing and m-commerce. Understand the technologies that support mobile computing. Discuss m-commerce applications in financial and other services, advertising, marketing, and providing of content. Describe the applications of m-commerce within organizations (mobile enterprise, intrabusiness). Understand B2B and supply chain applications (interorganizational) of m-commerce.

Learning Objectives cont’d 6. Describe consumer and personal applications of m-commerce. Describe location-based commerce (l- commerce). Discuss the key characteristics and current uses of pervasive computing. Describe the major inhibitors and barriers of mobile computing and m-commerce.

Problem – Competition is fierce; profit margins low Problem – Competition is fierce; profit margins low. Bloom needs appropriate technology to compete with Wal-Mart. Solution – Wireless technology – mobile checkstands, scanners, handhelds, Wi-Fi, RFID. Results – Better customer service & speedier checkout; higher employee productivity; fewer employees overall. Click image for homepage. Hot link to article about Bloom store concept from Food Lion.

Wi-Fi – What is it? Wi-Fi stands for "Wireless Fidelity" is a trademark of the Wi-Fi Alliance A Wi-Fi enabled device such as a personal computer, video game console, mobile phone, MP3 player or personal digital assistant can connect to the Internet when within range of a wireless network connected to the Internet. The coverage of one or more (interconnected) access points — called a hotspot — can comprise an area as small as a few rooms or as large as many square miles. Coverage in the larger area may depend on a group of access points with overlapping coverage. In addition to private use in homes and offices, Wi-Fi can provide public access at Wi-Fi hotspots provided either free-of-charge or to subscribers to various commercial services. Organizations and businesses - such as those running airports, hotels and restaurants - often provide free-use hotspots to attract or assist clients. Enthusiasts or authorities who wish to provide services or even to promote business in selected areas sometimes provide free Wi-Fi access. Discuss how Wi-Fi technology has changed our quality of lifestyle. We can go anywhere at any time & still have access to work, family, etc., without necessarily being location-bound. Wi-Fi® Technology Enabling Economic and Social Development in Rural and Urban India

How Wi-Fi works. Informational slide. This figure shows how Wi-Fi works. See examples which follow.

Value Added Attributes that Drive Development of M-Commerce Ubiquity – refers to the attribute of being available at any location at any given time. (ex: smart phone or PDA) Convenience – Internet enabled; many available hot spots. Instant Connectivity – quick connections to Internet, intranets, other mobile devices & databases. Personalization – preparation of customized information for individual consumers. Localization of products & services – wireless device has GPS.

Drivers of Mobile Computing & M-Commerce Widespread availability of mobile devices – 50% of world population will use mobile phones in 2008. No need for a pc – smart phone may soon become foremost tool connecting people to Internet. Handset culture – widespread use of cell phones. Declining prices, increased functionalities – declined by 50% in recent years while functionalities increase. Improvement of bandwidth – 3G & 3.5G Discuss the impact of mobile computing upon business. What lies ahead for our future? Use of electronic wallets, & expansion of RFID technology will be major factors.

Drivers of Mobile Computing & M-Commerce (cont’d) Centrino chip – connects to wireless LAN; low usage of electricity; high level security. Availability of Internet access in automobile – numbers of availability continue to increase. Networks – 3G, 4G, and adoption of Wi- Fi as wireless LAN. Discuss how to go about developing a business case to justify m-commerce. Pay particular attention to the intangible, as well as the tangible, benefits. Refer to Chapter 17 for IT economics topic.

Apple’s iPad a tablet computer developed by Apple Inc. Announced on January 27, 2010, it is part of a category between a smartphone and a laptop computer.

Landscape of M-Computing Informational slide. Capabilities & attributes of mobile computing are supported by infrastructure. Mobile computing is an essential strategic part of the enterprise’s IT portfolio.

Barriers to Commercial Wi-Fi Growth Cost – it’s readily available; why pay for it? Security War Driving Discuss these 2 barriers to commercial Wi-Fi growth.

Mobile Banking & Stock Trading Services offered include: bill payments & money transfers; access administration & check book requests; balance inquiries & statements of account; interest & exchange rates; sale/purchase of stocks. Increasing % of banks offer mobile access – financial & account information. Mobile Wallets Wireless Bill Payments How will these services help increase customer loyalty? One stop shopping. There is a sense of security with all services at one place which may or may not be completely factual.

Mobile Banking at Home……..

Shopping from Wireless Devices Discuss impulse shopping. Do you believe the Internet has added to this & to our detriment? Has there been an increase in our “want” versus “need” mindset? Do you believe there are shopping addictions? Does the Internet ease of availability make it worse, or more likely to occur? The answer is “yes” to all of these questions that are designed to develop critical thinking skills. Is there an ethical issue here much like selling to much alcohol? Minors? Absolutely!

M-Commerce Applications – Purchasing a Movie Ticket Discuss ethical dilemmas of targeted advertising. There may be a product inappropriate for the one targeted. Include marketing to minors. Shopping addictions. Adult items.

Advertising and Content Providing Target Advertising - Facebook Getting Paid to Listen to Ads Mobile Portal Voice Portals

Mobile Enterprise Applications Supporting salespeople during customer visits Supporting field employees during repairs Supporting traveling of employees Supporting employees working within the organization Supporting employees driving trucks Not only does this improve employee productivity, it also provides for better, real-time customer service & customer loyalty through increased customer relationships.

M-Applications - Examples Retailing Sales Force Automation Hospitals Employee Tracking Wearable Devices Job Dispatch Image of the ZYPAD wrist wearable computer from Arcom Control Systems

Intrabusiness Applications and Others Inventory Management Customer Service B2B Applications Others Mobile Entertainment M-Government

Mobile Applications in Sports Nike iPod Nano It’s possible to track location of someone from a positive aspect such as security. Monitoring workout has great benefit for health potential.

Location-Based Services location-tracking technology in mobile networks to target consumers with location-specific advertising on their mobile devices. marketer-controlled information specially tailored for the place where users access an advertising medium GPS technologies have increased business efficiencies with equipment location, employee activities tracking, alerts such as possible with weather, natural & unnatural disasters. Public transportation systems.

A smart phone with GPS system in l-commerce. What are some of the ethical dilemmas associated with installed locator devices? Security may be an issue.

Global Positioning Systems (GPS) For wikipedia & much more, click here! Artist's conception of GPS satellite in orbit Automotive navigation system in a taxicab According to Wikipedia (pictures are hot links): The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) developed by the United States Department of Defense and managed by the United States Air Force 50th Space Wing. It is the only fully functional GNSS in the world, can be used freely, and is often used by civilians for navigation purposes. It uses a constellation of between 24 and 32 Medium Earth Orbit satellites that transmit precise microwave signals, which allow GPS receivers to determine their current location, the time, and their velocity. Its official name is NAVSTAR GPS. Although NAVSTAR is not an acronym,[1] a few backronyms have been created for it.[2] Since it became fully operational in 1993, GPS has become a widely used aid to navigation worldwide, and a useful tool for map-making, land surveying, commerce, scientific uses, and hobbies such as geocaching. Also, the precise time reference is used in many applications including the scientific study of earthquakes. GPS is also a required key synchronization resource of cellular networks, such as the Qualcomm CDMA air interface used by many wireless carriers in a multitude of countries. Task students to find other examples. Civilian GPS receiver ("GPS navigation device") in a marine application GPS receivers are now integrated in many mobile phones.

Location-based services involving maps There is certainly a possible dark side to the location-based technologies when associated with children, for instance.

Pervasive Computing a post-desktop model of human-computer interaction in which information processing has been thoroughly integrated into everyday objects and activities. Engaging in many computational devices and systems simultaneously, and may not necessarily even be aware of doing so. Examples Home Lighting Water Control – sensors Home Security Home Entertainment Smart Cars – Collision Avoidance

RFID Radio-frequency identification (RFID) applied to or incorporated into a product, animal, or person for the purpose of identification and tracking using radio waves. Some tags can be read from several meters away and beyond the line of sight of the reader.

RFID Animal management using RFID technology. Santa Gertrudis cattle: The calf has an Electronic Ear Tag and herd management tag (yellow).

How RFID works Informational slide. Figure shows the RFID tag attached to a product. Reader collects information from the tag, wirelessly transporting it to the corporate network. Can indicate exact position of product at all times.

Managerial Issues Ethical & legal issues. Implementation issues. Failures in mobile computing & m- commerce. Mobile device management plans are too often non-existent.

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