Jewish Beliefs & Texts.

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Presentation transcript:

Jewish Beliefs & Texts

Define Monotheism: The belief in only one god Torah: Most sacred Jewish text (Old Testament) Synagogue: Jewish house of worship

Define Prophets: People who are said to receive messages from God to be taught to others Talmud: Set of commentaries, stories, and folklore produced between 200 & 600 AD Dead Sea Scrolls: Writing by Jews who lived 2,000 years ago

Jewish beliefs Central beliefs of Judaism: God Education Justice Obedience Judaism may be: The world’s first monotheistic religion

Belief in one God Jewish name for God: Yahweh Jews believed that God: Guided their history through Abraham, Moses, and the Prophets

Education Ancient Jewish boys: Studied with professional teacher to learn their religion Jews are expected to give aid: To the poor Sick orphans

Laws Most important Jewish laws: Ten Commandments Mosaic Laws: The system of laws handed down by Yahweh Written By: Moses

Laws Mosaic law forbids: Working on holidays Working on the Sabbath The 7th day of the week when God rested after creating the universe (Saturday)

Food Jews can not eat: Pork or shellfish Kosher: Meat that has been killed & prepared in a way acceptable by Jews

Types of Jews Three largest types of Judaism: Orthodox- Strictly follow Mosaic Law Reform Jews- Do not follow many ancient laws Conservative Jews- In the middle

Hebrew Text Torah includes: A history of the Jews until the death of Moses (first 5 books) Readers of the Torah use: Special pointers called a yad

Hebrew Text Three part of the Hebrew bible: 1. The Torah 2. Messages of the Hebrew prophets 3. 11 Books of poetry, songs, stories, lessons, and history

Other Writings Talmud explains: Hard to understand laws & stories from the Hebrew Bible Considered second only to: The Hebrew Bible

Other Writings Dead Sea Scrolls were found: 1947 by young boys looking in a cave The Scrolls included: Prayers Commentaries Letters Passages from the Hebrew Bible

Later Cultures Judaism influenced: 1. Christianity 2. Islam