Intelligent predictive artificial pancreas by biomimicry of the native beta cells – concept, prototype and the future Nils Kristian Skjærvold1,2,3, Anders Fougner1,4, and Nicolas-Andreas Elvemo5 1Artificial Pancreas Trondheim – the APT research group (www.apt-norway.com), Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; 2St Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; 3Dept. of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; 4Dept. of Engineering Cybernetics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; 5GlucoSet AS, Trondheim, Norway Artificial pancreas The Algorithm Glucoset sensor References Subject Control algorithm Glucose sensing Insulin infusion Skjaervold NK, Solligard E, Hjelme DR, Aadahl P. Continuous measurement of blood glucose: validation of a new intravascular sensor. Anesthesiology 2011; 114(1): 120-5 Skjaervold NK, Lyng O, Spigset O, Aadahal P. Pharmacology of intravenous insulin administration: implication for future closed loop glycemic control by the intravenous/intravenous route. Diabetes technology and therapeutics 2012; 14(1): 23-9 Skjaervold NK, Ostling D, Hjelme DR, Spigset O, Lyng O, Aadahl P. Blood glucose control using a novel continuous blood glucose monitor and repetitive intravenous insulin boluses: exploiting natural insulin pulsatility as a principle for a future artificial pancreas. International journal of endocrinology 2013; 2013: 245152 Insulin Pharmacology Regulatory Idea Preliminary results 3 4 5 6 7 20 40 60 Bloodglucose (mmol/l) Time (min) Time Blood glucose Optimal curve High dose infusion stopped = bolus infusion Low dose infusion High dose infusion Biomimicry of the native beta cells The Future Intraperitoneal aproach? Wearable system Implantable system (inclusive insulin reservoir)? Minimizing the delays Pulsing the insulin administration Liver/peripheral tissue insulin ratio