AIR QUALITY & AIR POLLUTION

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Presentation transcript:

AIR QUALITY & AIR POLLUTION

COMPOSITION OF AIR 78% nitrogen 21% oxygen 1% other gases Argon Carbon dioxide Methane Nitrogen oxide Ozone CFCs

LAYERS OF THE ATMOSPHERE TROPOPHERE STRATOSPHERE OZONE LAYER MESOPHERE THERMOSPHERE

TROPOSPHERE STRATOSPHERE 4-11 miles above surface Temperature decreases as altitude increases Most gas concentration (due to gravity) Highest air pressure (decreases with altitude) Weather occurs in this layer 11-30 miles Gas concentration is lower than troposphere but similar in composition Less water vapor More ozone… Ozone layer: “global sunscreen”… absorbs ~95% UV rays

AIR CONVECTIVE CIRCULATION Natural way of keeping pollutants from reaching dangerous levels Sun heats earth...warm air rises...carrying pollutants up THERMAL INVERSION...warm air can trap cooler air below...traps pollutants

AIR CONVECTION CELL CIRCULATION

AIR POLLUTION Chemicals in air that are at high enough concentrations to be harmful to living organisms & ecosystems Natural: Wind blown dust…debris from volcanic eruptions & forest fires Human generated: burning of fossil fuels…occur mostly in industrialized & urban areas PRIMARY pollutants: emitted directly into air (cars, factories, volcanoes)…EX: CO, CO2, NOx, SO2 SECONDARY pollutants: result from interaction of primary pollutants… EX: sulfuric acid, nitric acid, ozone