RENAISSANCE 1300- 1600ce RENAISSANCE MEANS REBIRTH REBIRTH OF LEARNING AND A REDISCOVERY OF IDEAS WHICH WERE LOST DURING THE DARK AGES. PEOPLE BEGAN TO EXPLORE & INVESTIGATE THE WORLD AROUND THEM.

A TIME OF GREAT ARTISTIC, INTELLECTUAL, & ORIGINAL CREATIVITY. NEW VIEW OF THEMSELVES & THE WORLD. HOW? - HUMAN- CENTERED INSTEAD OF CHURCH 1. INDIVIDUAL ACHIEVEMENT & GLORY 2. APPRECIATION OF WORLDLY PLEASURES.

EXAMPLES Autobiographies celebrating the HERE and NOW. Focus on worldly subjects.

Differences between the Middle Ages and Renaissance Purpose of art Glorify God Glorify the individual Politics Local/feudal lords ruled Kings in England, France, and Spain centralized power Society Church as center of activity Secular/material world becomes a vital part of life Religion Focus of one’s life Important but not most dominant Education Church promoted it to prepare students for religious life Stressed teaching of history, arts, ethics, and public speaking

Differences between the Middle Ages and Renaissance Medieval Renaissance Two Dimensional Distorted proportions Lacking perspective Religious Hieratic Scale Three Dimensional Realistic Glorifies Individual Uses mathematics to create scale / perspective Humanism

QUESTIONS TO ASK: Who is the central person in the Medieval painting? Why do you think the others in the painting are so much smaller? What is the main event in the Renaissance painting? How does Christ compare in both paintings? Background Information to follow

Differences between the Middle Ages and Renaissance

PERSPECTIVE

PERSPECTIVE

DONATELLO(1386-1466) USED REALISM WORKS: DAVID – FIRST FREE STANDING NUDE IN EUROPE

NICCOLO MACHIAVELLI (1469-1527) POLITICAL THINKER KNOWN FOR THEORIES ON GOVERNMENT WORKS: THE PRINCE HOW TO GAIN & KEEP POWER AS A RULER IMMORAL ACTS JUSTIFIED “THE ENDS JUSTIFIES THE MEANS” Term ‘Machiavellian’ (use of deceit in politics)

MACHIAVELLI Machiavellian advice seemed to encourage harsh treatment of citizens, rival states Describes men as “ungrateful, fickle, liars, and deceivers” Advises rulers to separate morals from politics Power, ruthlessness more useful than idealism Ruler must do whatever necessary to maintain political power, even if cruel Machiavelli’s theory that “the end justifies the means” deviated from accepted views of correct behavior Idea that state an entity in itself, separate from its ruler, became foundation for later political philosophy

MACHIAVELLI

B DAY FRIDAY ANCHOVIES

HIGH RENAISSANCE APPROX 1500 – 1600)

MICHELANGELO(1475-1564)- Renaissance Works: David Most famous artist of the Renaissance Works: David Pieta- Christ draped over Mary Sistine Chapel- 4 years to create. The Dome of St. Peter’s Chapel- in Rome.

MICHELANGELO

DAVID

PIETA

SISTINE CHAPEL

CREATION OF MAN

The Dome of St. Peter’s Cathedral

LEONARDO DA VINCI(1452-1519) “THE RENAISSANCE MAN” Works: Mona Lisa Artist, writer, scientist, engineer, inventor. “THE RENAISSANCE MAN” Works: Mona Lisa The Last Supper

LEONARDO DA VINCI

MONA LISA

THE LAST SUPPER

VIRTRUVIAN MAN

RAPHAEL(1483-1520) Works- School of Athens- Greatest figures Of the Renaissance Created with typical Renaissance self-confidence? PLATO ARISTOTLE LEFT RIGHT

RAPHAEL

RAPHAEL

DO NOW Take out packet # 8 and open it to the back where there are two check point questions. You will need a book opened to pages 412-413 to help you answer these questions. Read “Renaissance Art Flowers” and “The Discovery of Perspective”(415) to help guide you.

CHECKPOINT How were Renaissance ideals reflected in the arts? Answer: Artists emphasized classical subjects and the human form, and used new techniques for showing subjects more realistically.

CHECKPOINT Why was the invention of perspective necessary for artists to achieve realism in painting? Answer: Without it, artists could not show objects as the eye sees them.

How was Renaissance worldview different than that of the Middle Ages? CHECKPOINT How was Renaissance worldview different than that of the Middle Ages? Answer: Medieval world shaped by religion; It accepted tradition and the idea that only God was perfect. In contrast, Renaissance worldview was shaped by inquiry, exploration, and the idea that humans could perfect themselves.