OIL and GAS EXPLORATION in LakeTanganyika

OIL EXPLORATION in Lake Tanganyika 1Regional / Structural context 2 Lac Tanganyika : some parameters 3 Synthesis of detailed works carried out or in project 3.1 Burundi 3.1 Synthesis : works carried out 3.2 Results 3.2 R.D.Congo 3.3 Tanzania 3.4 Zambia

Regional Structural Setting Western Arm of East African Rift System Several sedimentary basins : with hydrocarbon potential (gas in Kivu, oil in Ouganda,Kenya, and most probably In Tanganyika side):

Lake Tanganyika : is located in the Western Arm of East African Rift Valley System dated from Cainozoic (tertiary), belongs to several countries: Burundi, Between Burundi, R.D.C, Tanzania, Zambia.

OIL EXPLORATION in Lake Tanganyika 1Regional / Structural context 2 Lac Tanganyika : some parameters 3 Synthesis of detailed works carried out or in project 3.1 Burundi 3.1 Synthesis : works carried out 3.2 Results 3.2 R.D.Congo 3.3 Tanzania 3.4 Zambia

Water Depth of Lake Tanganika : several on/offshore sub-basins Le lac Tanganyika  2e African in surface after lac Victoria, 2e in world by its volume 18900 m3 and depth (570 -1433 m max) after Baikal Estim. Age : 20 m.a (Miocène). Bassin versant : 18900 km3 Type : Rift Lake Long : 677 Km larg : 72 Km Alt : 775 m Water Depth of Lake Tanganika : several on/offshore sub-basins Clear water, specific biotope (fishes, aqua-vegetal to be protected)

OIL EXPLORATION in Lake Tanganyika 1Regional/Structural context : 2 Lac Tanganyika : some definitions 3 Synthesis of detailed works carried out or in project 3.1 Burundi 3.1 Synthesis : works carried out 3.2 objectives 3.3 Results 3.2 R.D.Congo 3.3 Tanzania 3.4 Zambia

Low level Remote sensing : airbourne geophysics Ruzizi river, delta and fan Northern part of block may catch turbiditic input from Ruzizi delta, probably best reservoirs Thick sands seen in onshore Ruzizi wells (Burundi) Turbidite input in other areas locally derived and may be poorer quali Localised turbidite input B&W airphoto Localised turbidite input Airbourne mag image

Rift Assymetric aspect Gravimetric Prospection (1959 – 1960) GP Airborne magnetic prospection Kenting : 1982 Seismic P. (SP) ( 1968 ; 1983-1984 plain of Rusizi and Northern part L.Tanganyika) Plain Rusizi Line Line 226 Burundi Small shallow fault locks Three major subVert faults North-South Asymmetrical half-GRABEN ; greatest depths at RDC side. Over 4000 m Kitchen Max thickness of sediments: estimated at 4,000 m. Basement Ridge Line 226

DETAILED WORKS (AMOCO COMPANY:1983-89) 1987 : 2 exploration test cored drillings: ( determine bedrock, rock reservoir, age, principal seismic reflectors for sediments) ■1985 : seismic prospection, emphasize (accent) structure ( for site of drillings). Surface geological works to supplement sismics. Gravimetric &magnetic measures for a combined interpretation 400 km (onshore) and 900 Km (offshore) of seismic lines Two faulted anticlinal structures favourable to trap hydrocarbons have also been identified : Structure-Buringa and Structure-Rusizi. Three great reflectors corresponding to: a recent superficial level, - an intermediate level in the filling series, the base of this serie constituted by the “socle” or similar Precambrian formation.

Resultats: BURUNDI Well Data (published) Shallow (800m to Basement) and very sandy Tertiary over Basement Need more information on Reservoir qualityTemperature (resource rock maturity)

Possible Oil kichen (marmites) Ruzizi Basin Very poor seismic quality in north Several half graben identified Deepest ones in south Heat flow ( flux thermiques) datas like To Lake Albert ( 2,5 Km sedim. For mature Source rocks Kigoma kitchen Greatest confidence in Kigoma Kitchen as defined on seismic with seeps Small kichen possible in north/ depth to basement uncertain More SP to confirm seeps

Possible reasons of dry drillings 1° The hydrocarbon migration path would not arrive at the drilled top anticlines, 2° The hydrocarbons would be trapped at the tops of other anticlinal structures, 3° It is extremely possible to have another stratigraphic trap type, 4° The distance between the favourable bedrock and structures (Ru-1 and Drunk-1) is very big. More info are needed

Burundi: Proposed Blocks ■ Block A: Onshore Rusizi Basin, ■ Block B: Northern Offshore Tanganyika Basin,( Surestream) ■ Block C and ■ Block D: Offshore Kigoma Basin,Surestream Each Block circa 600 sq km First Company (Surestream Petroleum) is now operating in two blocs .

OIL EXPLORATION in Lake Tanganyika 1Regional/Structural context : 2 Lac Tanganyika : some definitions 3 Synthesis of detailed works carried out or in projects 3.1 Burundi 3.1 Synthesis : works carried out 3.2 objectives 3.3 Results and futur programm 3.2 R.D.Congo 3.3 Tanzania 3.4 Zambia

Aucun puits ne semble avoir été foré dans la région.   .   1. INTRODUCTION mnMiMinbnistry Ministry of Hydrocarbon (10Blocs delimited 2010; No drill hole made or roll-call taken)

Zambia: Geological Survey Department; Avril 2011 The North East Part of Bloc 31 covers Tanganyika Lake. Not yet allocated

Two Blocs: L.T North and L.T. South Total Company in negotiation with Tanzania authorities for the first Bloc. The second was allocated to Beach Energy ( Australian Campany) in Juni 2010 . About 27,300 km of Gravimetric and magnetic datas acquiered. 1,800 km Seismic campain 2D is projected for 1st trimester 2012 No drill hole

GLOBAL CONCLUSION The 1980-1990 period in Burundi has been characterized by intensive works in the Lake Tanganyika and the Plain of Rusizi. 2. The two drillings on two structures are not enough; other structures exist and could constitute reservoirs. 3. Despite the volume of works already completed, oil research, in the two zones , is still at its beginnings : no conclusions can be made for the hydrocarbons potential. The oil seepage both onshore and on the surface of the Lake proves the presence of hydrocarbons although the two drillings appeared dry.

3. The whole of the Rift Valley, in particular the Lake Tanganyika and the Plain of Rusizi, keeps still of great interest for hydrocarbons exploration. 4. The Basins of the rift belong to several countries with same borders (case of the Lake Tanganyika and the Plain of Rusizi) and it is evident benefit the Oil Companies manage to sign a Common Concession. It is a great interest with the profit-sharing of these companies. 5. EAC offers best socio-policy context and opportunity in the area , to open multidisciplinary data exchanges specially in ‘’Hydrocarbon’s exploration for favourable profit-sharing of Companies in oil and gas exploration.

Best Success to OIL EXPLORATION in Burundi One People, One Community, one Development. And for that : one ENERGY to ‘’ciment ‘’Solidarity for our Commune destiny

ASANTE, Merci, MURAKOZE