4.8 Roots Pages 295-296.

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Presentation transcript:

4.8 Roots Pages 295-296

Roots

Ta Phrohm temple in Cambodia

Function Anchor plant Absorb water and nutrients Store water and carbohydrates

Types of Roots Taproot Fibrous roots

Tap root vs. Fibrous Root Large, thick main root Many small roots Lateral roots possible Root hairs Gymnosperms and angiosperm eudicots Angiosperm monocots

Root hairs Microscopic hair-like outgrowth from an epidermal cell. Increase surface area for absorption

Root cap slippery substance produces allows root to penetrate soil meristem

Root Cortex Parenchyma Stores carbohydrate Water passes through cortex

Endodermis Wrapped with a wax-like substance. Form a barrier called the Casparian strip

Vascular cylinder Monocot Eudicot

Monocot vs. Eudicot Monocot Root Eudicot and Gymnosperm Roots Parenchyma cells in centre No central parenchyma cells Xylem and Phloem in a ring around parenchyma cells Xylem and phloem X-shape arrangement in centre of root

Root Specializations 80% of plants have mutualistic relationships with mycorrhizal fungi Also, nitrogen-fixing bacteria such as Rhizobia are found in the root nodules of legumes

Roots continued… Tuberous roots: lateral roots used for storage For example: yam Adventitious root: prop root

Uses of roots Food Medicine Erosion control