ADS-B Regulations, Standards and Guidance Presented by: Don Walker FAA (AIR-130) Presented to: ICAO ADS-B Seminar

Overview US ADS-B Final Rule ADS-B Published Standards Flight Standards ADS-B Out ABS-B In ADS-B Applications Currently in Development TCAS II Future Activities DO-317A and C195a are will have thorough changes, 4 applications changed, 2new ones added see next slides

US ADS-B Final Rule: Overview On May 27, 2010, the FAA published the Final Rule for ADS-B Out equipage Mandates performance requirements for ADS-B avionics that will be required to fly in certain airspace by 1-Jan-2020 ADS-B Out transmits location information received from a Global Navigation Satellite System out of the aircraft to ADS-B ground stations and to other aircraft equipped to receive ADS-B broadcasts. The rule does not preclude other navigation source methods. This rule does not mandate ADS-B In A new Aviation Rulemaking Committee (ARC) was chartered in June 2010 to address ADS-B In strategy

ADS-B Final Rule: Dual Frequencies Two frequencies have been designated for ADS-B transmissions in the National Airspace System: 1090 Extended Squitter MHz (1090ES) for commercial aircraft Universal Access Transceiver 978MHz (UAT) for general aviation and airport vehicles. This frequency is needed because of the high-bandwidth required to transmit the weather data that is most beneficial for general aviation aircraft. The rule requires all aircraft flying in Class A airspace (Flight Level 180 and above) to transmit on the 1090ES MHz link The rule does not preclude aircraft from equipping with both the 1090ES MHz and 978MHz or general aviation equipping with 1090ES MHz

ADS-B Final Rule: Required in the following Airspace Class A, B, and C airspace Class E airspace areas at or above 10,000 feet MSL over the 48 contiguous United States and the District of Columbia, excluding the airspace at and below 2,500 feet above the surface Airspace within 30 nautical miles (NM) of certain identified airports that are among the nation’s busiest (based on annual passenger enplanements, annual airport operations count, and operational complexity) from the surface up to 10,000 feet MSL. These airports are listed in appendix D to part 91. Above the ceiling and within the lateral boundaries of a Class B or Class C airspace area up to 10,000 feet mean sea level (MSL) Class E airspace over the Gulf of Mexico at and above 3,000 feet MSL within 12 NM of the coastline of the United States 5

ADS-B Final Rule: Required Airspace (In Green) Note: 1090MHz ES link is required above FL180

ITP Policy Memo (Joint guidance from AIR & AFS) US ADS-B Standards & Guidance ITP Policy Memo (Joint guidance from AIR & AFS) AC 90-114 AC 90-114 with ITP Appendix 3Q 2012 90-series AC provides operations guidance from Flight Standards 20-series ACs providing installation guidance from Aircraft Certification FAA Guidance AC 20-165 AC 20-172 AC 20-172A TSO-C154c TSO-C166b TSO-C195 ADS-B In TSO-C195a ADS-B In AC 20-165A 3Q 2012 2009 2010 2011 2012 DO-260B DO-282B DO-317A Dec 2011 ADS-B Out – transmission and receipt of ADS-B information Initial ADS-B-In applications– basic airborne and surface situation awareness, enhanced visual approach (US standards, not harmonized with Europe) Revised ADS-B-In applications – basic airborne and surface situation awareness, visual separation on approach, ITP (all harmonized with Europe) RTCA Stds DO-317

ADS-B Published Standards – ADS-B Out RTCA documents RTCA DO-260B plus Corrigendum (errata) RTCA DO-282B plus Corrigendum (errata) TSO TSO-C166b TSO-C154c Advisory Circular AC 20-165 FAA Policy Memo Approval of ADS-B Out Systems

Operational Approval Strategy No authorization required for ADS-B Out in US Requires Version 2 avionics to be visible to ATC (DO-260B, DO-282B) Authorization for ADS-B Out where required by other States Example A353 for Canada, Australia or others which reference AMC 20-24 Authorization required for ADS-B In applications For other than situational awareness

Operational Approval Strategy Initial authorizations requires headquarters review/approval For duration of operational evaluation Based on existing standards, policy For specific airlines Example A354, for ITP Ultimately authorization to be approved by Regional/Local authority Once operational requirements are understood With published guidance

Cert and Ops Approval Basis – ITP example Policy Memorandum (May 2010) Clarifies and amends DO-312 (ITP SPR) Requires conformance monitoring throughout procedure Requires graphical display to monitor relative position of A/C Requires DCPC, recommended CPDLC Requires TCAS Validation of Version 0 and 1 Traffic Requires velocity validation

Cert and Ops Approval Basis – ITP example Policy Memorandum (May 2010) Interim Policy and Guidance for ADS-B ASA Systems Supporting Oceanic In-Trail Procedures (ITP) Between Flight Standards and Aircraft Certification Services Forms airworthiness and operational approval basis Until Technical Standards Order (TSO) and ITP AC published

OpSpec A354 Highlights – ITP example Airworthiness requirements Must be installed by TC or STC Must have an approved maintenance program with instructions for continued airworthiness (ICA) ITP Equipment specific requirements CDTI may be hosted on EFB (Auxiliary Display) EFB must be Class 3, with type C software Airplane flight manual Must incorporate ADS-B and ITP subject matter

OpSpec A354 Highlights – ITP example Required flight crew/dispatch training Must complete approved training ITP specific operating procedures and limitations MEL considerations, flight planning and ITP communications Aircraft authorization Specifies each aircraft by serial number Specifies ITP configuration Surveillance processor, transponder and display by part number

ADS-B Guidance AC 90-114, Automatic Dependent Surveillance – Broadcast (ADS-B) Operations General ADS-B guidance Appendix for A353, ADS-B OUT OPERATIONS OUTSIDE OF U.S.-DESIGNATED AIRSPACE Appendix for ITP by end of September 2012 Incorporates lessons learned from Operational Trials Will supersede ITP Policy Memo Appendices for other ADS-B In operations will come As the operational and training issues are understood

ADS-B Published Standards – ADS-B In RTCA documents RTCA DO-317A TSO TSO-C195a Advisory Circular AC 20-172A ADS-B documents can be found at: RTCA documents - www.rtca.org FAA documents - http://rgl.faa.gov/

ADS-B Applications in Published Standards Enhanced Visual Acquisition (EVAcq) Basic Airborne (AIRB) Visual Separation on Approach (VSA) This list is from DO-317A and TSO-C195a

ADS-B Applications in Published Standards Basic Surface (SURF) This list is from DO-317A and TSO-C195a

ADS-B Applications in Published Standards In Trail Procedures (ITP) This list is from DO-317A and TSO-C195a

ADS-B Applications Currently In Development Traffic Situational Awareness w/ Alerts (TSAA) Interval Management (IM) CDTI Assisted Visual Separation (CAVS) DO-317A and C195a are will have thorough changes, 4 applications changed, 2new ones added see next slides

TCAS Activities Revised TCAS standards Modification to the TCAS II MOPS In-Band Acceptance requirements to document TCAS and ADS-B combined receiver Improving spectrum efficiency of Hybrid surveillance Published a report of recommendations for future collision avoidance systems Research commencing on next generation of TCAS – called “ACAS X” Bullet 1- Terms of Reference are being changed to include more use of ADS-B Bullet 2 – Trying to narrow the band requirements (benefit: less bandwidth used to accomplish the same task, freeing up bandwidth for other purposes.) Bullet 3- Using ADS-B for hybrid surveillance allows you to see aircraft MUCH MUCH further than what the TCAS unit shows. Want to make sure that TCAS unit is not monitoring targets that are FAR away or not a threat. Bullet 4 - Future systems that would be compatible with TCAS II, be more compatible with operations in congested airspace, and integrate ADS-B data effectively.

FAA AIR-130 Surveillance Team Lead Don Walker FAA AIR-130 Surveillance Team Lead don.walker@faa.gov Phone: 202-385-4821