Names for Words The Parts of Speech

Names for Words: Parts of Speech No matter what, words must be put together That makes a sentence Nothing is possible without sentences

Sentence Structure All sentences must start with a capital letter All sentences must end with a punctuation A sentence is not a part of speech; it just the thing that contains the Part of speech

8 Main Parts Of Speech Nouns Interjections Verbs Adjective Adverbs Preposition Conjunctions Pronouns

Conjunctions Join Things

Conjunctions Conjunctions are connecting words Example: And adds things together in the sentence “I like baseball and soccer.” Or also joins, but makes an option “What do you like best, dogs or cats?” Or can also pose a question.

Using And/Or Sentence 1: “I am going to play.” Sentence 2: “I am going to study.” Using And to join: “I am going to play, and I’m going to study.” Using Or to join: “ I am going to play, or I’m going to study.”

Using a Comma Before every joining word, a comma (,) must be used Example: “I like soup, and I like sandwiches.” You also must check that a and/or can be used by taking out the , and/, or and replacing it with a period.

Different Conjunctions Conjunctions aren’t only and/or, they are: So, because, but, then, after,also just a (,), etc.

More examples No one came to save him, so he went off to explore. Alice smiled, and then turned to her rabbit

Adjectives Words that describe

Adjectives Words that describe Are used to describe nouns Used to say: How something feels, tastes, looks, or sounds

Things that we describe You Sky School Bird Etc.

Words to Describe Green – Any Color Stormy Loud Five – Any Number

Putting it all together Yellow Chickens Purple sweater Cloudy Sky Stinky Cigarette

Using more than one adjective In some cases, 2 adjectives may be used to describe Examples “The car was boxy, and green.” “ The thin, gray paper airplane was indestructible.”

Adjectives Pick some adjectives for:

Pronouns and Proper Nouns

Pronouns Take the place of nouns Save time and energy Pronouns are words such as it, he , she, they, etc. **They refer to the previous noun

Examples of Pronouns “Joe, won a new car, and he jumped with joy.” Joe

Proper Nouns Something's OWN name Include names, nicknames, pets names, places names, city names, etc. Proper Nouns also define All proper nouns start with Capitals Examples: Joe vs. Person Jamestown vs. the city

Articles A, An, The

Articles Always go before a noun

“The Rules” A always presents a consonant An always presents a vowel The always presents a singular

The Two Parts of a Sentence Putting Things Together

2 Parts Of a Sentence Sentences are the building blocks of our language The 2 Main Parts are: Subjects Predicates

The Subject Is the Noun of the sentence, The sentence is also based upon the Noun In, “The beautiful ballerina leaped into the air like a deer.” Ballerina is the subject In, “The Seminole Indians traveled over the water in the dugout canals.” The quickest way to find the subject is to read the sentence carefully The subject can be singular or plural and 1 or 2 words

The Predicate The predicate names the verb in the sentence that tells what is happening In, “The beautiful ballerina leaped into the air like a deer.” leaped is the predicate In, “ The Seminole Indians traveled over water in the dugout canals.” the predicate is traveled.” The easiest way to find the predicate is to find what the subject is doing.

Helping Verbs The action

Helping Verbs The Helping Verb shows us weather the verb is past, present, or future. These are all considered “tenses”

The “tense” table Present Past Future Am Was Will Did Had Am/Are going to

Getting Words to Agree Singular and Plurals

Getting Words to Agree All plural subjects end with the letter “s” Verbs in sentences with he and they do not always indicate a plural. **Remember He Goes They Go

Matching Plural Verbs When you have a plural subject such as, “five boys” you must give them a plural verb such as, “run”

Verbs with <1 Part Must agree in “Tense” If the 1st part is talking about the past the 2nd part must do the same If this rule is not followed, it will create a time warp in the middle.

Three Types of Sentences Main Sentences

The 3 Main Types Of Sentences Almost everything we say is said in sentences. There are interrogative, declarative, and imperative sentences

Declarative Sentences Are the most common type of sentence. Are punctuated with a period. Are used to tell our thoughts, and what we see. Can be simple or complex. “I have a dream . . .” as MLK Jr. once said. “I saw a bird as beautiful as the summer sky as it rises above the horizon.”

Interrogative Sentences ALWAYS has a (?) question mark. If you ask enough of them they become self-explanatory. “Do stars burn out ?” “Why are my eyes colored ?” “Why is global warming such a problem ?”

Imperative Sentences May need more than 1 or 2 words. Used to give orders and make requests. Always ends in a (!) exclamation point if used to make requests. Always ends in (.) a period to give orders. “Stop!” “Hug Me.” ** In many sentences YOU is not spoken but is understood.

Types of Literature Learning Books

Fiction Are make-believe, or fairytales such as Alice in Wonderland, or Pollyanna Not everything has to be made-up, can have true parts with a twist, or true facts in a made-up story. Ex. You could have a story about traveling through space, that is not true. But, the moon, gravity force, wind, stars, yourself, a spaceshutle, etc.

Non-Fiction Is ALL true Ex. Biographies, and autobiographies, newspaper articles, and school reports, and history IE. A report on the 1989 earthquake in San Francisco

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