Universal Law of Gravitations, Statics, Coulomb’s Law

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Presentation transcript:

Universal Law of Gravitations, Statics, Coulomb’s Law

Guiding Notes What is the Universal Law of Gravitation? What is the formula for analyzing Universal Law of Gravitation? Describe what ‘G’ is and it’s value? Will the numerical value ever change? How do you measure the distance between two objects?

Newton’s Universal Law of Gravity Legend has it that Newton was struck on the head by a falling apple while napping under a tree. This prompted Newton to imagine that all bodies in the universe are attracted to each other in the same way that the apple was attracted to the Earth. Newton analyzed astronomical data on the motion of the Moon around the Earth and stated that the law of force governing the motion of the planets has the same mathematical form as the force law that attracts the falling apple to the Earth.

Newton’s Universal Law of Gravity Newton’s Law of Gravitation: every particle in the universe attracts every other particle with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation d The Gravitational Force is equal in magnitude, but opposite in direction which pulls the objects together The distance d between m1 and m2 is measured from the center of m1 to the center of m2.

Review Equation What does the G in the equation mean? Will it ever change? Describe the relationship between mass and distance between the objects. What variable has greatest role in evaluating the force of gravity between objects? Support your answer

Practice Problem 1 Tom has a mass of 70.0-kg and Sally has a mass of 50.0-kg. Tom and Sally are standing 20.0m apart on the dance floor. Sally looks up and sees Tom. She feels an attraction. If the attraction is gravitational, find its size. Assume that both Tom and Sally can be replaced by spherical masses. 5.836 x 10-10 N

Practice Problem 2 What is the gravitational attraction between two spheres (msphere = 1.67 X 10-27 kg) at a distance of 5.0 X 10-15 m? 7.44 x10-36 N 7.44 x10-36 N

Practice