Introduction to Surveying RICS InstCES SST RICS considers surveying to be made up of seven specialisations General Practice Planning and Development Building Surveying Quantity Surveying Mineral Surveying Rural Practice RICS - Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors InstCES - Institution of Civil Engineering Surveyors SST - Society of Surveying Technicians GP - Mostly concerned with valuation and investment P & D - eg analyse the existing level of residential development against regional population forecasts and prepare valuations to help gauge profitability BS - advising on design, construction, maintenance, repair and refurbishment of residential and commercial property. Historic / listed buildings. RP - Management of country estates and farms. The planning and development schemes for agriculture, forestation recreation. MS - plans the development, manages and values mineral workings. LS - measures land and its physical features accurately and records these in the form of a map or plan. Land Surveying

This area of surveying can be broken down into the following : Land Surveying This area of surveying can be broken down into the following : Geodetic Surveying Topographical Surveying Photogrammetry Hydrographic Surveying Engineering Surveying Cadastral Surveying GS - covers such large areas that the curved shape of the earth has to be taken into account. TS - establishes the position and shape of natural and man-made features over a given area for the production of maps. Small scale surveys cover large areas - scales ranging from 1:1 000 000 to 1:50 000 (OS Landranger maps of Great Britain) Medium scale 1:10 000 to 1:1000 Large scale 1:500 to 1:50 or larger Photo - pairs of photos taken from an aircraft or close-range on the ground. Hydro - marine environment --- for design, construction and maintenance of harbours, inland waterways, river and sea defences, monitoring and control of pollution, scientific studies of the oceans. CS - boundaries and ownership of land and property UK Land Registry. Eng Survey see nest slide We are going to concentrate on this last aspect although the basic techniques can be employed to most of the others.

Engineering Surveying is used at the concept and design stage Production of maps or plans at the construction stage Setting out and measurement at the post construction stage Measurement and monitoring Speaks for itself !!! Surveying for all three aspects involves the measurement of three parameters : Horizontal Distances Vertical Distances Angles

A variety of methods and equipment can be used to measure each of these parameters. Horizontal Distances by: Taping Optical Methods Electronic Methods Vertical Distances by Taping Optical Methods Electronic Methods Speaks for itself !!! Angles by: Magnetic Compass Sextant Theodolite Other presentations outline some of these methods.