Bellringer Get out your venn diagram Get out your outline for the quiz. You have 5 minutes. BJOTD: What kind of monkey can fly?

Bellringer 10/30 On page 39 in your notebook, write out and answer the following questions: What is absolutism? How did Louis XIV consolidate (strengthen) his power as an absolute monarch? What did Peter the Great want to do to Russia and why? How did he do this? (Give two examples) BJOTD: What kind of monkey can fly?

Scientific Revolution

Background What did the Renaissance do? The Renaissance sparked interest and curiosity about many things, allowing people to start to think for themselves

What did the Reformation question? The Reformation led people to question and challenge the original views of God, the church, and salvation

At the same time as the Reformation… Individuals began to challenge the way people viewed their place in the Universe. This became known as the Scientific Revolution.

Before the Revolutions: The view of the Universe was geocentric Geocentric: earth-centered Church would punish anyone who said otherwise through the Inquisition Aristotle and Ptolemy supported the idea of a geocentric universe

What was the Scientific Revolution? The Scientific Revolution was a new way of thinking about the natural world. Based on: careful observation (what you can see) a willingness to question widely accepted beliefs reason

What led to this Revolution? Muslims during the Middle Ages compiled a large collection of Ancient and Modern scientific knowledge Scientific courses in astronomy, physics, and mathematics began to be offered in colleges Explorers needed new tools and inventions to better explore the world.

Processing Who was in charge of making all decisions prior to the Renaissance and Reformation? Why were the Renaissance and Reformation important in leading to the Scientific Reformation?

Leaders of the Scientific Revolution

Nicolaus Copernicus—1500s Did not agree with the geocentric model of the universe First to study the idea that the sun was at the center of the universe After 25 years, Copernicus proved that the sun was in the center of the stars and other planets Called the heliocentric theory—sun-centered

Johannes Kepler—1600s Kepler expanded on Copernicus’ ideas—he wanted to know why and how the planets orbit the way they do Proved that the planets revolve around the sun in elliptical orbits instead of perfect circles

Galileo Galilei—1500-1600 1609—he used a telescope to study the heavens 1610—wrote Starry Messenger, which described his observations Confirmed Copernicus’ theory of a heliocentric universe

Galileo Tidbits Galileo's ideas went against the church, so he was “encouraged” not to publish his book Taken to court by the Church and put to torture Under torture, he lied and claimed that Copernicus’ ideas were wrong Jailed until his death, but his ideas still spread.

Isaac Newton By 24, Newton was certain all physical objects on Earth and in space were equally affected by the same forces His big idea: linking motion in the heaven with motion on earth Called the Law of Universal Gravitation Every object in the Universe attracts every other object. The amount of attraction depends on the mass of the object and the distance between them.

William Harvey—1600s Wrote On the Motion of the Heart and Blood in Animals Showed the heart acts as a pump to circulate the blood throughout the body Described the function of blood vessels

Other Important Inventions Microscope Edward Jenner invented a vaccine for Smallpox First Fahrenheit Thermometer

Processing Which innovation do you feel was the most important, and why?

Scientific Method A logical procedure for gathering and testing ideas