5/20/15 Mr. Faia 6th Grade Science Vertebrates

ANIMAL REVIEW What are 3 things all animals need to live? What are the 3 phylum of worms? What do sponges use to capture food? What is the difference between an open and closed circulatory system? What are the 3 types of mollusks? What senses do a mollusks tentacles have? What are the 5 types of arthropods? Name the 3 body sections of insects.

Chordate Phylum Vertebrates are a subgroup of the phylum

Chordate Phylum Chordates have 3 things in common at some point in life: A notochord A nerve cord Slits in throat area

Chordate Phylum Notochord is a flexible rod that supports the back Cartilage is softer than bone, but very flexible and strong

Chordate Phylum Vertebrates notochord gets replaced with a backbone early

Chordate Phylum All chordates have a nerve cord You would call it what?

Chordate Phylum Chordates also have pharyngeal slits Aka throat slits They aid in the breathing process Name an animal that keeps these slits

Backbone and Endoskeleton What is an endoskeleton? The endoskeleton: Supports Protects Gives the body shape Place for muscles to attach

Backbone and Endoskeleton Backbone is made of many bones Called vertebrae Joints allow flexibility Spine fits through vertebrae

Backbone and Endoskeleton What do you think are 2 advantages of an endoskeleton?

Backbone and Endoskeleton Endoskeleton can grow Supports against gravity

Maintaining Body Temperature 2 types: Ectotherms Endotherms

Maintaining Body Temperature Ectotherms have body temperatures close to their environments Often called “cold-blooded” What are examples of ectotherms?

Maintaining Body Temperature

Maintaining Body Temperature Endotherms control body temperature internally Often called “warm-blooded” What are examples of endotherms? What adaptations do endotherms have to help regulate temperature?

Maintaining Body Temperature

REVIEW What 3 things do all chordates have in common? How does an endotherm regulate body temperature? What is cartilage? What is a vertebrae? How does an ectotherm regulate body temperature? What are 2 advantages of an endoskeleton? What is another name for an ectotherm? What is another name for an endotherm?

Evolution of Vertebrates Evidence shows that fish were the earliest vertebrates About 530 million years ago

Evolution of Vertebrates Amphibians came next About 380 million years ago

Evolution of Vertebrates Amphibians gave rise to reptiles 320 million years ago

Evolution of Vertebrates Both mammals and birds descended from reptiles Mammals 220 million years Birds 150 million years

Evolution of Vertebrates What pattern did you see develop with vertebrate evolution?

Evolution of Vertebrates However…