Chapter 1&2: Your Space, Beyond Your Space Canadian Geography 1202 Chapter 1&2: Your Space, Beyond Your Space

Canada Facts… Total Area: 9,984,670 square kilometers Administrative Divisions: 10 Provinces and 3 Territories Capital: Ottawa Major Cities: Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver, Ottawa, Calgary, Edmonton and Quebec. Languages: English and French Religion: Christianity Currency: Canadian Dollar Population: 34 576 000 (September 2011 estimate) Literacy: 97 percent Gross National Income per capita: US$ 32,600 (World Bank estimate, 2006) Economy: Manufacturing, Mining, Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing.

Chapter 1: Your Space Linear Scale Directional Symbol A line on a map that gives equivalent actual distance Directional Symbol A map symbol that shows the direction of north

Chapter 1: Your Space Grid Principle of Least Effort Reference lines on a map, usually at right angles, used to locate places Principle of Least Effort Choosing the easiest/quickest route to a destination

Your Bedroom Map…?

Bedroom Map Using grid paper, draw what your bedroom looks like from above. Try to keep it drawn to scale!

Chapter 2: Beyond Your Space

Dividing Canada Natural Boundary: physical features like mountains, lakes and rivers. Artificial Boundary: Man-made; usually follow lines of latitude and longitude in Canada.

Natural Boundaries

Artificial Boundaries

Natural and Artificial Boundaries, Combined….

Regions Region: area that shares features or characteristics Single-Factor Regions: have one factor in common (ex. climate) Multi-Factor Regions: have many factors in common (ex. soil type, climate, population) Do #7, page 15

Latitude & Longitude Lines of Latitude: run east and west and measure degrees north and south of the Equator. Lines of Longitude: run north and south and measure degrees east and west of the Prime Meridian.

Latitude & Longitude

Latitude & Longitude

Latitude and Longitude Absolute Location: the exact location of a place, given in co-ordinates. Relative Location: the general location of a place, in relation to some other feature.

Time and Space The earth is divided into 24 time zones of 15° longitude, based on its rotation from west to east every 24h 0° longitude is called Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). Time zones east and west of it are progressively 1 h later or earlier, respectively. 180° longitude is called the International Date Line. The date changes by one day on either side of it.

Time Zones, Time Distance Questions Page 23, # 20, 22, 23

Time and Space Time Distance: time it takes to travel from one place to another. It depends on the mode of transportation, and has generally dropped in Canada over the years.