Antidotes Intro pharm section FA.

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Presentation transcript:

Antidotes Intro pharm section FA

Acetaminophen

N-acetylcysteine (replenishes glutathione)

AChE inhibitors, organophosphates

Atropine followed by pralidoxime

Amphetamines

NH4Cl Amphetamines are bases, so adding NH4Cl would acidify the urine and trap the amphetamines as ionized formthey get excreted

Antimuscarinic, anticholinergic agents

Physostigmine salicylate, control hyperthermia

Benzodiazepines

Flumazenil

Beta-blockers

Glucagon

Carbon monoxide

100% oxygen, hyperbaric oxygen

Copper, arsenic, gold

penicillamine

cyanide

Nitrite + thiosulfate, hydroxocobalamin

digitalis

Anti-dig Fab fragments

Heparin

Protamine sulfate

Iron

Deferoxamine, deferasirox Fe = iron

Lead

CaNaEDTA, dimercaprol, succimer, penicillamine

Mercury, arsenic, gold

Dimercaprol (BAL), succimer, EDTA (mercury)

Methanol, ethylene glycol (antifreeze)

Fomepizole>ethanol, dialysis

Methemoglobin

Methylene blue, vitamin C

Opioids

Naloxone

Salicylates

NaHCO3, dialysis Salicylates are acidsyou want to alkalinize the urine to trap them as ions and cause excretion

TCAs (tricyclic antidepressants)

tPA, streptokinase, urokinase

Aminocaproic acid

Warfarin

Vitamin K, plasma (if active bleeding)