Sustainability in Marcellus Shale Development Chevron Sustainability in Marcellus Shale Development Introduction to Engineering Design EDGSN 100 Section 001 Nittany Engineers / 5 Maddie Yu, http://www.personal.psu.edu/mxy189/, & mxy189@psu.edu Mohamed Almuharrami, http://www.personal.psu.edu/mza5582/, & mza5582@psu.edu Yousef Mohamed, http://www.personal.psu.edu/ywm1/, & ywm1@psu.edu Saisrijith Maramreddy, http://www.personal.psu.edu/smm7138/, & smm7137@psu.edu Presented to: Prof. Berezniak Date: 12/09/2016

conscientious at all times. Objective To improve upon previous ideas of shale development while also being environmentally conscientious at all times. Use this slide to create a new slide—use this template slide if you would prefer to have a Penn State blue background for your slides. 2

Project Sponsor Chevron is the second-largest oil and gas company in the United States, providing innovate ideas and thousands of jobs worldwide. Their main goal is to provide dependable energy powers. Use this slide to create a new slide—use this template slide if you would prefer to have a Penn State blue background for your slides. 3

Natural Gas Underground Rock Formations Hydrocarbons (methane) Less emissions than oil and coal Use this slide to create a new slide—use this template slide if you would prefer to have a Penn State blue background for your slides. 4

Marcellus Shale 95,000 sq. miles 5,000- 9,000 vertically 5 Use this slide to create a new slide—use this template slide if you would prefer to have a Penn State blue background for your slides. 5

Hydraulic Fracturing Process Planning Phase: A team of engineers design a plan by incorporating all the aspects of the plant(infrastructure,well pad sites and wells) Execution Phase: To construct all the components(well pad sites,wells,etc),while keeping safety in mind. Then create an environmentally friendly space for water storage. Performance Phase: The hydraulic fracturing process is started to release the natural gas from the shale by using multiple water resources. Operational Phase: To extract the natural gas from the well and transporting it. Produced water used for fracking is disposed and treated in a nearby site. Use this slide to create a new slide—use this template slide if you would prefer to have a Penn State blue background for your slides. 6

Environmental Concerns Water Contamination, Earthquakes, Waste Water, Methane, Noise Pollution Use this slide to create a new slide—use this template slide if you would prefer to have a Penn State blue background for your slides. 7

Project Description - Background Radioactive materials, Metals, Salts EPA-standardized chemical name Number (%) of disclosures Median concentration in hydraulic fracturing fluid (% by mass) Hydrochloric acid 12,351 (73%) 0.078 Methanol 12,269 (72%) 0.002 Distillates, petroleum, hydrotreated light 11,897 (70%) 0.017 Isopropanol 8,008 (47%) 0.0016 Water 7,998 (47%) 0.18 Ethanol 6,325 (37%) 0.0023 Propargyl alcohol 5,811 (34%) 0.00007 Glutaraldehyde 5,635 (33%) 0.0084 Ethylene glycol 5,493 (32%) 0.0061 Citric acid 4,832 (28%) 0.0017 Sodium hydroxide 4,656 (27%) 0.0036 Peroxydisulfuric acid, diammonium salt 4,618 (27%) 0.0045 Use this slide to create a new slide—use this template slide if you would prefer to have a Penn State blue background for your slides. 8

Project Description - Common Practice Reinjecting Use this slide to create a new slide—use this template slide if you would prefer to have a Penn State blue background for your slides. Disposing 9

Project Description - Findings Energy Inconvenient Use this slide to create a new slide—use this template slide if you would prefer to have a Penn State blue background for your slides. Harmful to nature 10

Project Description - Recommendations Use this slide to create a new slide—use this template slide if you would prefer to have a Penn State blue background for your slides. Evaporation of the salts Reverse Osmosis Purification Process 11

Closing Reverse Osmosis Harmful Produced Water 12 Use this slide to create a new slide—use this template slide if you would prefer to have a Penn State blue background for your slides. Harmful Produced Water 12