МБОУ Стодолищенская СШ Презентация по теме: Завоевание Британии римлянами. Работу выполнила Самохина Наталья Николаевна, учитель английского языка Стодолище 2015

The Romans in Britain 43 AD to 410 AD

Who were the Romans? The Romans lived in Rome, a city in the centre of the country of Italy.

First invasion - Caesar's first raid In August 55 B.C the Roman general, Emperor Julius Caesar invaded Britain. He took with him two Roman legions. After winning several battles against the Celtic tribes (Britons) in south-east England he returned to France.

Second invasion - Caesar's second raid The following summer (54 B.C.) Caesar came to Britain again, landed at Walmer near Deal in Kent. This time he brought with him no fewer than five legions (30,000 foot soldiers) and 2,000 cavalrymen (horse riders). This time the Romans crossed the River Thames. After more fighting, the British tribes promised to pay tribute to Rome and were then left in peace for nearly a century.

Third and final invasion Nearly one hundred years later, in 43 A.D. Emperor Claudius organized the final and successful Roman invasion of Britain Many tribes tried to resist the Romans. It took about four years for the invaders to finally gain control over southern England, and another 30 years for them to conquer all of the West Country and the mountains and valleys of Wales. The battle for Yorkshire and the remainder of northern England was still underway in AD 70..

The Roman Army (Legion) The Roman army was made up of groups of soldiers called legions. There were over 5,000 soldiers in a legion. Each legion had its own number, name, badge and fortress. There were about 30 legions around the Roman Empire, three of which were based in Britain at Caerleon, Chester and York.

The Roman Soldier Roman soldiers were very strong and tough, they had to march over 20 miles a day with heavy things to carry. They had to carry equipment such as tents, food, cooking pots and weapons as well as wearing all their armour.

The Romans gave: Language. The language we used today was developed from the Romans. The Romans spoke and wrote in Latin and many of the words are based on Latin words. Laws and a legal system. The laws and ways we determine what to do with someone who is accused of breaking a law came originally from the Roman Empire.

The Calendar. The calendar we use today is more than 2,000 years old. It was started by Julius Caesar, a Roman ruler. It is based on the movement of the earth around the sun, and so is called the 'solar calendar.' The solar calendar has 365 days a year, and 366 days every leap year, or every fourth year. The names of our months are taken from the names of Roman gods and rulers. The month 'July,' in fact, is named after Julius Caesar himself!

Central heating Concrete Aqueducts (bridges for water) Straight roads The Census. The Roman Empire was huge and included millions of people living over a large area. How did they keep track of all these people? Easy! They counted them! The Roman Empire began the practice of taking a census, or a 'count,' of all the people within its boundaries every so often. Today, many countries take a census every 10 years.

Roman Baths Every town had its own bath complex (like a large swimming pool). The Romans built magnificent public bath houses in towns across their empire. People went to the public baths for entertainment, healing or just to get clean. Some people went to the public baths to meet friends and spend their spare time there. Large bath houses had restaurants games rooms snack bars and even libraries.

What was Hadrian's Wall? Unlike the rest of Britain, Scotland was never considered part of the Roman Empire. The Roman armies invaded Scotland several times and even defeated the northern tribes a few times, but they never controlled Scotland. Hadrian's Wall was a stone barrier built to separate the Romans and the Picts tribes in Scotland. It allowed Roman soldiers to control the movements of people coming into or leaving Roman Britain.

Roman Gods and Religion People worshipped the gods in temples where they made sacrifices of animals and precious things. Sometimes a temple was built to only worship one of the gods. A temple to all gods was known as a pantheon. It was named after the word for the entire collection of their gods called the Pantheon.

Literature and Internet Resources 1.Английский язык.10 класс: учебник для общеобразовательных учреждений/[О.В.Афанасьева, Дж. Дули, И.В.Михеева]. 3-е изд. - М.: Express Publishing Просвещение, 2010. – 248 с.: - (Английский в фокусе). 3. http://images.yandex.ru 4. http://projectbritain.com