EXO-SKELETON Hamed kalami (PhD Student) Andre Khayat (Bachelors Degree) Supervisor: Dr. Urbanic

CONTENTS What is Ehlers–Danlos Syndrome (EDS) Signs and symptoms Problem to be Solved and Goal Bones and joints of hand Parametric dimensions of Hand Previous Designs Designs and Models Parametric Design Measuring System Future Measuring System Materials

Ehlers–Danlos SyndromeSigns and symptoms Overly flexible joints - Because the connective tissue that holds joints together is looser, your joints can move far past the normal range of motion. Stretchy skin - Weakened connective tissue allows your skin to stretch much more than usual. Fragile skin - Damaged skin often doesn't heal well

Figure 21 Standard Bulky, Cumbersome, Poorly Sized Brace Problem to be Solved Bypass the tedious and costly procedures currently in place for EDS braces Waiting period Poorly fitted braces Insurance coverage issues No currently designed brace for many joints Less costly braces More customized Figure 21 Standard Bulky, Cumbersome, Poorly Sized Brace

Bones and joints of hand Bones of the right hand Joints of the right hand Metacarpal phalangeal Joint

Parametric dimensions of Hand Proximal Middle Distal Thumb 0.196 ∗ H L   lI −2 – 0.158 ∗ H L lI −3 Index 0.265 ∗ H L lI I −2 0.143 ∗ H L I I −3 0.097 ∗ H L lI I −4 0.277 ∗ H L lI I I −2 0.170 ∗ H L I I I −3 0.108 ∗ H L lI I I −4 Ring 0.259 ∗ H L lI V −2 0.165 ∗ H L I V −3 0.107 ∗ H L lI V −4 Small 0.206 ∗ H L lV −2 0.117 ∗ H L V −3 0.093 ∗ H L lV −4 Parametric length for a hand Metacarpal bones Thumb 0.251 ∗ H L lI −1 Index (0.374 ∗ H L)2 + (0.126 ∗ H B)2 lI I −1 Middle 0.373 ∗ H L lI I I −1 Ring (0.336 ∗ H L)2 + (0.077 ∗ H B)2 lI V −1 Small (0.295 ∗ H L)2 + (0.179 ∗ H B)2 lV −1 Parametric length for a finger Parametric length for a thumb

PREVIOUS DESIGNS

Designs and Models Casing Design Brace Design Pillbug Design Whole Hand Brace

Casing design Simple design 2 parts Functional Easy to make it aesthetic No pinching

Brace Design Curves are fit on the finger Parametric design Aesthetic Light Hinge for DIP and static for PIP Simple mechanism

Pill bug (Accordion) design

Models for Whole Hand

Parametric Design

Measuring System Point cloud Sophisticated surfaces Needs steady part Takes time to scan

Future Measuring System Structured-light 3D scanner Scanning whole the surface in one time Quick Not effected by object movement Point cloud to polygon software Very fast Automated accurate

Materials Material Cost/Kg (USD) Pro Con Extruder Temp (°C) Application ABS $29.00 Availability, ease of use, affordability Hardness, roughness 230-285 Stiff, non-movable parts, Ninjaflex $110.00 Flexible, Retains Shape after Deformation Complex Printing 210-225 Phone Cases Nylon $57.30 Flexible when thin, High Tensile Strength, Lightweight Complex process, High Price 230-275 Printed Gears TPU $104.80 Flexibility, Elasticity, Chemical Resistance Difficulty Maintaining Stiffness/Shape, High Price 240-260 Medical Devices

Stair Assist Robust Frames Load-Bearing Components Large-scale, intricate profiles Multi-Material and Multi-Process Interface

Stair Assist Prototype CAD Model Individual components modeled in Catia V5 Brought together in common assembly Frame padded out from behind Complete Model of Prototype obtained

Stair Assist Prototype Manufactured Model Individual components dissected into printable/machineable parts based on necessary mechanical properties Entire assembly brought together into functional prototype employing various manufacturing methods seamlessly

Other Designs

Thank You