Chapter 14 The Beginnings of Our Global Age: Europe, Africa and Asia Section 1 The Search for Spices Section 2 Turbulent Centuries in Africa
Search for Spices Population in Europe was growing Needed more items from trade Wanted to gain direct access to Asia
Portugal Sails East Mapping the African Coast Prince Henry believed their were riches on the African coast Wanted to find an easier way to reach Asia Gathered scientists, cartographers, and other experts Built new ships They began mapping the coast
Portugal Sails East Seeking India Vasco de Gama led new fleets to explore India Acquired new spices Portuguese seized key ports in India
Columbus Sails West Reaching Faraway Lands Spain sponsored his voyage Wanted to strengthen Catholicism Took about 2 months to reach land Thought he reached India called people Indians
Naming the Western Hemisphere Columbus Sails West Dividing the Globe Naming the Western Hemisphere Line of Demarcation split the new lands between Spain and Portugal Spain and Portugal rushed to protect empires First maps of America were drawn in 1507 Columbus’s Island became known as the West Indies
The Search for a Direct Route Continues In 1513 Vasco Nunez de Balboa found a route to the Pacific ocean through the Panama Straight Ferdinand Magellan found the Magellan Straight in 1519 Continued sail across the Pacific Ocean Most ships and sailors were lost 18 people became the first to circumvent the globe
Portugal Gains Footholds Built small ports in West Africa Traded muskets, tools, gold, ivory, hides and slaves Men remained behind to protect forts Attacked East African cities Expelled Arabs and took over trading routes Reached Congo, Zimbabwe and Zambia
The African Slave Trade Explodes Europeans Enter The Slave Trade Slaves were most important part of trade Brought large numbers of slaves to work on plantations Rich bought them as houseslaves African rulers and traders would capture Africans to sell to Europeans Slave trade lasted about 3 years
The African Slave Trade Explodes African Leaders Resist Some African leaders tried to resist Affonso I, Congo ruler, tried to resist the trade Some states forbade slave cargo
New African States Arise The Asante Kingdom Some states disappeared after populations were diminished Asante Kingdom emerged in present day Ghana Osei Tutu helped unite kingdoms and conquer others Had a monopoly on slave trade
New African States Arise The Oyo Empire Small forest kingdom in present day Nigeria Gained wealth from slave trade
The European Presence Expands British, Dutch and French started to move into forts for trade Established permanent territories Cape Town was the first European settlement by the Dutch Enslaved or killed natives French settled in Senegal
Vocabulary Moluccas The island-chain of present day Indonesia Prince Henry Sponsored Portugal’s exploration into Africa Cartographer Map maker Vasco de Gama Sailed for Portuguese to get spices from India Christopher Columbus Italian navigator that accidentally help discover America Line of Demarcation Dividing the non-European world into two zones Treaty of Tordesillas Treaty signed between Spain and Portugal naming the Line of Demarcation Ferdinand Magellan Found direct route to Pacific sea
Vocabulary Circumnavigate Sail around Mombasa City where Portuguese developed trading forts Malindi Plantation Large estate run by an owner Affonso I Ruler of Kongo Missionary Hoped to convert Africans to Christianity Asante Kingdom African kingdom that held monopoly on slave trade
Vocabulary Osei Tutu Leader of Asante Kingdom Monopoly Exclusive control of a business or industry Oyo Empire Empire in modern day Nigeria Cape Town First Dutch settlement in Africa Boers Dutch Farmers