The external and internal evidences of the bible

outline Introductory text Definition of Biblical inerrancy Types of Evidences Conclusion

The Bible is: Introductory text uniquely the Word of God (2 Peter 1:21; 2 Timothy 3:16; Exodus 20:1-17) the authority of the Christian faith (2 Timothy 2:15; 1 Peter 3:15)

The Bible: the Inerrant Word of God Inerrancy means freedom from errors or untruths The term “inerrant” and “infallible” limited to matters of faith only Do you embrace the creation account wholly? How about historical facts and genealogies? Inerrancy allows: for variety in style for variety in details in explaining the same events for departure from standard forms of grammar The inerrancy of the Bible means simply that the Bible tells the truth. Truth can and does include approximations, free quotations, language of appearances, and different accounts of the same event as long as those do not contradict.’ (Charles C. Ryrie, What You Should Know About Inerrancy, p. 16).

Evidences Two broad forms of Evidences External Internal External evidence refers to using external sources to validate a document Internal evidence uses intrinsic qualities to validate the document or thing discussed The inerrancy of the Bible means simply that the Bible tells the truth. Truth can and does include approximations, free quotations, language of appearances, and different accounts of the same event as long as those do not contradict.’ (Charles C. Ryrie, What You Should Know About Inerrancy, p. 16).

Confirmation in archaeological findings External Evidences Confirmation in archaeological findings Secular attestation to the life and ministry of Jesus Coherence with ancient history Manuscript evidence The inerrancy of the Bible means simply that the Bible tells the truth. Truth can and does include approximations, free quotations, language of appearances, and different accounts of the same event as long as those do not contradict.’ (Charles C. Ryrie, What You Should Know About Inerrancy, p. 16).

Confirmation in Archaeology Yohanan Ben Ha’galgo –the crucified man A 7” nail driven through his feet His legs were crushed Significance Confirms some victims were nailed to the cross(John 20:25) Could be given proper burial (Mark 15:42-47) The inerrancy of the Bible means simply that the Bible tells the truth. Truth can and does include approximations, free quotations, language of appearances, and different accounts of the same event as long as those do not contradict.’ (Charles C. Ryrie, What You Should Know About Inerrancy, p. 16).

Confirmation in Archaeology Brother of Jesus ossuary 1.71 people with this name 1st century B.C.E and 70 C.E. Significance Confirms NT scriptures (Galatians 1:7) Jesus existed

External Evidences Confirmation in archaeological findings Secular attestation to the life and ministry of Jesus Coherence with ancient history Manuscript evidence

External Evidences Secular attestation to the life and ministry of Jesus The Babylonian Talmud Josephus Tacitus Lucian

Tacitus (Annals 15.44) Nero fastened the guilt . . . on a class hated for their abominations, called Christians by the populace. Christus, from whom the name had its origin, suffered the extreme penalty during the reign of Tiberius at the hands of . . Pontius Pilatus, and a most mischievous superstition, thus checked for the moment, again broke out not only in Judaea, the first source of the evil, but even in Rome. . .

The Babylonian Talmud On the eve of the Passover Yeshu was hanged. For forty days before the execution took place, a herald . . . cried, "He is going forth to be stoned because he has practiced sorcery and enticed Israel to apostasy

Excessive Non-theological Verbiage Internal Evidences Excessive Non-theological Verbiage Criteria of Embarrassment Undesigned Coincidences

Excessive Non-theological Verbiage Unlikeliness that the NT was made up as myths by a later generation Unlikeness of later intentional corruption by scribes Some verses are of “non-theological” or “spiritual” relevance 1 Corinthians 16:5-8 Luke 8:2-3 Mark 15:21 Those texts if were written by later generation, may not have been included because of waste of precious space and expensive nature of papyrus.

Criteria of embarrassment If a passage is embarrassing to the author that wrote it, it is LIKELY to be TRUE Examples: Acts 15 1 Corinthians 14 1 Corinthians 15 Those texts if were written by later generation, may not have been included because of waste of precious space and expensive nature of papyrus.

In summary, the BIBLE is: Timeless Conclusion In summary, the BIBLE is: Timeless Infallible Inerrant Whatever is in there SHALL come to PASS (Matthew 24:35; Isaiah 40:8) Those texts if were written by later generation, may not have been included because of waste of precious space and expensive nature of papyrus.

References Charles C. Ryrie, what you should know about inerrancy, p. 16 Tacitus: annals book 15(40) available at http://www.Sacred- texts.Com/cla/tac/a15040.Htm Michael Gleghorn, Ancient Evidence for Jesus from non-Christian sources: available at http://michaelgleghorn.com/artAncientEvidence.php Bible History Daily: Is the “Brother of Jesus” Inscription on the James Ossuary a Forgery? Available at http://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/biblical- artifacts/artifacts-and-the-bible/is-the-brother-of-jesus-inscription-on-the-james- ossuary-a-forgery/ Biblical archaeology 39: the crucified man. Available at https://theosophical.wordpress.com/2011/09/19/biblical-archaeology-39-the- crucified-man/ Inspiringphilosophy.org