The American Revolution 1775 to 1783 Chapter 3 U.S. History Mr. Kissam

The Revolution Begins The Big Idea The tensions between the colonies and Great Britain led to armed conflict in 1775. Main Ideas The First Continental Congress demanded certain rights from Great Britain. Armed conflict between British soldiers and colonists broke out with the “shot heard ’round the world.” The Second Continental Congress created the Continental Army to fight the British. In two early battles, the army lost control of Boston but then regained it.

First Continental Congress First Continental Congress was a meeting in Philadelphia of delegates from all colonies except Georgia. The goal First Continental Congress was to state the colonists concerns to the king And ask the king to correct the problems

“Founding Fathers” Emerge S. Adams J. Adams John Jay Patrick Henry Richard Henry Lee

First Continental Congress Delegates halted trade with Britain and alerted the colonial militia to prepare for war.

First Continental Congress The First Continental Congress also drafted Declaration of Rights that included the right to “life, liberty, and property.”

First Continental Congress Colonists who chose to fight for independence from Britain became known as Patriots.

Give me Liberty or Give me Death Patrick Henry returned from Congress to Virginia to encourage the cause of the Patriots. “Gentlemen may cry, Peace, Peace but there is no peace. The war is actually begun! I know not what course others may take; but as for me, give me liberty or give me death!”

Minutemen The first militias were created in New England (where most trouble was) and they nicknamed themselves minutemen. Minutemen got their nickname because they could fight in a minute's notice.

Shot heard ’round the world Massachusetts governor, Thomas Gage, sent British troops to seize weapons at Concord.

Shot heard ’round the world Paul Revere and two others rode to warn colonists.

Paul Revere would be arrested, while Samuel Prescott would alert the citizens of Concord.

“The Regulars Are Out!”

Shot heard ’round the world Local militia, minutemen, readied for battle on the Lexington Green.

Battle of Lexington April 19, 1775– 700 British troops arrived in Lexington to meet the 70 minutemen and someone fires the “shot heard ‘round the world.” No one knows who fired the first shot The Battle of Lexington is the first battle of the Revolutionary War

Battle of Concord British Redcoats, named because of their red uniforms, continue on to Concord. When they reach Concord, they searched for a major colonial weapons storehouse but couldn’t find anything.

Battle of Concord They are forced to retreat back to Boston. Their red uniforms made an easy target for Patriot marksmen.

The Second Continental Congress Delegates from twelve colonies met in Philadelphia in May 1775. This second group represented the first attempt at Republican government in the colonies.

More Leaders Emerge Jefferson Hancock Franklin

The Second Continental Congress The goal of the Second Continental Congress was whether to seek a peaceful or violent solution. Compromised—created army but also sent Olive Branch Petition to King George

The Second Continental Congress The Second Continental Congress created the Continental Army. Named a Virginian, George Washington, to command army and prepare for the war

Battle of Bunker Hill Patriots attacked British at Fort Ticonderoga on May 10, 1775, to seize large supply of weapons.

Battle of Bunker Hill Colonial forces fortified Breed’s Hill to prevent British escape from Boston.

Battle of Bunker Hill Army of 2,400 Redcoats fought 1,600 Americans at the Battle of Bunker Hill.

Battle of Bunker Hill After three charges, Americans forced to retreat, but only after causing more than 1,000 British casualties. The Battle of Bunker Hill is considered a tragic victory because of the number of British that died to take the hill.

Dorchester Heights General Washington arrived in Boston and took command.

Dorchester Heights Cannons were brought in from Fort Ticonderoga.

Dorchester Heights In March 1776, Washington moved his army to Dorchester Heights and positioned the cannons on Nook’s Hill.

Dorchester Heights The British were forced to retreat from Boston.

Battle Tactics https://my.hrw.com/ss_2012/ms_ushist/eactivities/Anim ated_History/battle_anim/ah07_anim_battle.html

Construct a ‘T chart with the following headings Attempts at peace Movement toward War 1. 2. 3. 1. 2. 3.

Construct a ‘T chart with the following headings Attempts at peace Movement toward War 1. Declaration of Rights 2. Ask king to address problems 3. Olive Branch Petition 1. Militia 2. Boycott goods 3. Create army

Questions pages 112-115 Why did the delegates attend the First Continental Congress? Why did the British force march on Concord? Why did the Patriots need several riders and why did they need to take different routes? Who was appointed leader of the Continental Army? Why was the Battle of Bunker Hill considered a tragic victory for the British?