Vocabulary 11th U.S. History

1920s Alien Renaissance Assembly line Socialism Deport

Alien Person belonging to a foreign country

alien Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Aliens People who emigrate to a new country are considered aliens. Question to Ponder: Would a citizen who left their home country as a child and returned as an adult be considered an “alien?”

renaissance Rebirth

renaissance Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: N/A A growth and resurgence of African American culture in the ‘20s was called the Harlem Renaissance. Question to Ponder: If I took painting back up after several years of not doing it anymore, have I gone through a “renaissance?”

Assembly line Process for creating a product using a systematic arrangement of workers or machines

Assembly line Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Civil wars Henry Ford used the assembly line in the 1920s to mass produced automobiles. Question to Ponder: Could specialization of labor help in constructing an “assembly line?”

socialism Government owned and controlled society

socialism Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: N/A Many people believe socialism is the same as communism. Question to Ponder: If a socialist became President of the U.S., would he/she want to give more power to individual companies?

deport Legally sending individuals out of a country

deport Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Deported Deporting Deports Deportation When some immigrants came in to the U.S. from undesired countries, they were more likely to be deported due to the discrimination of the time period. Question to Ponder: Can a citizen of a country be “deported?”

Great Depression Demographics Depression Infrastructure Stock Market Prosperity

demographics Changes in population

Demographics Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Demographic Demography The U.S.’s demographics changed with the Great Migration in the Roaring Twenties. Question to Ponder: Would a U.S. census measure our country’s “demographics?”

depression Economic downturn with high unemployment rates and decreased economic activity

depression Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: N/A The economic depression of the 1930s changed the political landscape of the United States. Question to Ponder: Would people spend more during an economic “depression?”

infrastructure Basic structures needed for a society to function properly

infrastructure Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: N/A The New Deal programs helped the economic depression and establish the country’s infrastructure. Question to Ponder: Could a war destroy a country's “infrastructure?”

Stock Market Business of buying and selling stocks

Stock Market Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: N/A The Stock Market’s crash in 1929 led to an economic depression. Question to Ponder: Does a change in the “Stock Market” affect our economy only in a negative way?

Prosperity Success through the accumulation of money

prosperity Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Prosperous Buying goods on credit made individuals seem more prosperous during the Roaring Twenties. Question to Ponder: Would a king be considered “prosperous?”

New Deal Fiscal Policy Relief Recovery Precedent Recession

Fiscal Policy Policies concerning governmental money

Fiscal Policy Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Fiscal policies The government’s fiscal policy has come under fire numerous times in the past few years. Question to Ponder: Would earning a paycheck and putting your money in the bank be considered part of a “fiscal policy?”

Relief Something given to help people out for a short period of time

relief Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Relieve In order to combat the problems of the Great Depression, the president enacted relief programs. Question to Ponder: Would someone need “relief” after a natural disaster?

Recovery Returning to normal after a difficult period of time

recovery Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Recovered Recovering The U.S. economy recovered after the advent of WWII. Question to Ponder: Would a person have to “recover” if he/she was injured?

Precedent Something that is used as an example to be followed in the future

Precedent Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Precedents Precedence Precedential The Supreme Court case Plessy v Ferguson set the precedent of separate but equal facilities. Question to Ponder: Can a procedure or a rule set a “precedent?”

recession A period of reduced economic activity

recession Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Recessions Recessionary The Panic of 1873 caused the U.S. and other European nations to fall into a recession. Question to Ponder: If one or two people lose their jobs, does this cause a “recession?”

WWII Erupts Fascism Inflation Reparation Appeasement Genocide

Fascism Dictatorship in which citizens aren’t allowed to disagree

Fascism Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Fascist Fascists The leadership of Italy fell to a fascist regime after the end of WWI. Question to Ponder: Would rights such as are identified in the First Amendment be recognized in a “fascist” country?

Inflation Continual increase in the price of goods and services

inflation Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Inflate Inflated Inflating Germany inflated its money to help pay its wartime debts. Question to Ponder: Would decreasing the money supply aid “inflation” policies?

reparation Money paid by a losing country for damages caused in a war

reparation Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Reparations According to the terms of the Treaty of Versailles, Germany was forced to pay war reparations. Question to Ponder: If a person had to pay a mortgage, would they be paying “reparations?”

Appeasement Something that is used as an example to be followed in the future

appeasement Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Appease Appeases Appeasing Appeased Democratic European nations’ appeasement policies allowed Hitler to start World War II. Question to Ponder: If I made a compromise between two students who were ready to fight, have I “appeased” them?

Genocide Deliberate killing of people belonging to a specific group

genocide Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Genocidal Hitler engaged in attempted genocide of Jews and others during WWII. Question to Ponder: If I went on a crusade to kill all of the mosquitos in the world, would I be committing “genocide?”

WWII Theaters Liberate Boundary Mobilization Patriotism Ration

liberate Setting free

liberate Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Liberates Liberated Liberating Liberator The Holocaust camps were liberated first by Soviet troops. Question to Ponder: If I went on a catch and release fishing trip, have I “liberated” the fish?

boundary Dividing line

boundary Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Boundaries The Germans extended their European boundaries before the U.S. entered WWII. Question to Ponder: Would a personal bubble count as a “boundary?”

mobilization Making ready for action

mobilization Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Mobilize Mobilizes Mobilizing Mobilized When WWII broke out in Europe, the United States began to mobilize in order to defend itself if necessary. Question to Ponder: If I packed my car ready for a long trip, have I “mobilized” my resources?

patriotism Love for one’s country

patriotism Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Patriotic Patriot Patriots After Dec. 7, 1941, many Americans believed it was their patriotic duty to enlist in the military. Question to Ponder: Would a “patriot” fly an American flag on the Fourth of July?

ration Determined or portioned amount of something

ration Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Rations U.S. citizens rationed their fuel and food supplies in order to help out on the home front during WWII. Question to Ponder: If I know Girl Scout cookies are only sold once a year, should I “ration” the amount I eat every week to ensure they last longer?

Cold War Coalition Containment policy Declaration Communism Democracy

Coalition Group of people or countries joined together for a common purpose

coalition Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Coalitions After World War II, the Americans joined the NATO coalition. Question to Ponder: Would a pack of dogs create a “coalition” in order to attack someone?

Containment Policy Preventing the spread of something

Containment policy Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: N/A The U.S. created a containment policy to prevent the spread of communism. Question to Ponder: Did the Soviet Union employ a “containment policy” for the democratic nations?

declaration To say in an official way

declaration Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Declare Declared Declaring Declares After World War II, Truman declared a new policy concerning American interests overseas. Question to Ponder: Would giving the directions to an assignment be considered a “declaration?”

communism Political system where the government owns and operates select businesses and lacks privatization

communism Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Communist Communists The Soviet Union turned into a communist nation at the end of World War I. Question to Ponder: Are all socialists “communists?”

democracy Political system in which the populace chooses leaders through voting

democracy Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Democracies Democratic Many of the western countries after World War II had democracies. Question to Ponder: If a teacher asked students if they wanted to have a test, and they all voted ‘no,’ would it be a “democracy?”

1950s Conflict Foreign Policy Perception Intervention Infer

conflict War

conflict Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Conflicts The Korean War and the Vietnam War were considered conflicts. Question to Ponder: Would a fight between friends be considered a “conflict?”

Foreign policy One nation interacting with another nation

Foreign policy Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Foreign policies The U.S. Secretary of State’s job is to follow the president’s foreign policy when speaking to other countries. Question to Ponder: Would the Treaty of Versailles fall under the description of “foreign policy?”

perception Way a person thinks about or understands something

perception Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Perceive Perceivable Perceived The Soviets and Americans had perceived communism differently. Question to Ponder: Does someone’s “perception” of an event change based on the information they have about it?

intervention Coming between in order to stop or settle something

intervention Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Intervene Intervened Intervening The Americans intervened in the war between North and South Korea in order to contain the spread of communism. Question to Ponder: Are Thursday tutorials an “intervention?”

infer Forming an opinion based on evidence

infer Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Inferential Inferences Inferred Inferring I inferred the cause of the Korean War from the evidence presented. Question to Ponder: Do people use their inferencing” skills in order to answer a riddle?

Civil rights Civil disobedience Domino theory Standard of living Opinion Demonstration

Civil disobedience Refusal to obey laws as a way of forcing the government to do or change something without the intent to injure

Civil disobedience Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: N/A Martin Luther King, Jr. encouraged examples of civil disobedience to spread his message of equality. Question to Ponder: Would a sit-in be an example of “civil disobedience?”

Domino theory Belief that if one nation becomes Communist, then neighboring nations will also become Communist

Domino theory Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: N/A The domino theory of the Cold War dictated many foreign policies of the mid-1900s. Question to Ponder: Was the Truman Doctrine developed in order to prevent the “domino theory” from occurring?

Standard of living Necessities, comforts, and luxuries that a person is accustomed to

Standard of living Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: N/A U.S. citizens enjoyed a higher standard of living after WWII than before in the 1930s. Question to Ponder: Would a third world country have a high “standard of living?”

opinion Judgement about a person or thing

opinion Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Opinions The Supreme Court gave an opinion concerning the Plessy v Ferguson court case. Question to Ponder: If the president vetoed something, have they illustrated their “opinion” concerning a law?

demonstration Public display of group feelings toward a person or cause

demonstration Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Demonstrations The Civil Rights Era is characterized by the number of demonstrations throughout the country. Question to Ponder: Would a “demonstration” fall under the category of civil disobedience?

End of the cold war Revival Globalization Interdependence Liberal Apartheid

revival Renewed interest in something

revival Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Revive Revivals The revival of the Civil Rights Movement happened during the 1950s and 1960s. Question to Ponder: Would the Second Great Awakening be considered a “revival” of religious fervor in the U.S.?

globalization Involving the entire world

globalization Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Global Globalized Globalizing Globalizes Economic globalization greatly increased after the age of exploration. Question to Ponder: Did the Great Depression have a “globalizing” effect on the world’s economy?

interdependence Depending upon someone else

interdependence Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Interdepend Interdepends Interdependency Interdependent Interdependently As globalization occurred, the world’s economy became interdependent on one another. Question to Ponder: Would a class fundraiser require “interdependence?”

liberal Political belief that emphasizes government involvement for the protection of political and civil liberties

liberal Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: Liberals The Liberals and Conservatives have been at odds since the beginning of our nation’s foundation. Question to Ponder: Would a “hippie” be considered a “liberal?”

apartheid South African racial segregation

apartheid Forms: Example: Question to Ponder: N/A Apartheid was a common practice in South Africa. Question to Ponder: Is “apartheid” the same thing as segregation?