Aim: How does DNA replicate itself?

DNA Replication Replicate: means to make a copy What does REPLICATE mean? (Hint) Replicate: means to make a copy MITOSIS or MEIOSIS! When does DNA need to replicate?

What do we get when DNA replicates? Replication + Two New DNA Molecules

DNA Structure Review Adenine Thymine Guanine Cytosine What is DNA composed of? 4 types Adenine Thymine Guanine Cytosine Deoxyribose Nucleotides

How do the Bases Pair Up? H Bonds All Teachers Go Crazy

DNA Structure Double-Helix What shape is this? Rosalind Franklin What scientists shared the Nobel Prize for their work on DNA? Maurice Wilkins Watson & Crick Rosalind Franklin

What Process is Taking Place Here? Cell Division Why do our cells need to divide? REPAIR GROWTH

What does the DNA do before a cell divides? Genetic Information (DNA) DNA must replicate before a cell divides Why must DNA replicate itself? DNA is the “Blueprint” for all cell activities. Each cell needs the entire “Blueprint” to function properly.

What are the Steps of DNA Replication? Step 1: Bonds between the bases are broken and the DNA Molecule is “Unzipped” G - C C - G T - A A - T DNA Molecule Bonds Broken G C C G T A A T 2 Separate Strands Enzymes

Step 1: “Unzipping” the DNA The bonds between the bases are broken and the DNA molecule is “Unzipped”

What are the Steps of DNA Replication? Step 2: Individual bases find their “match” on each single strand of DNA. G C T A C G A T G C C G T A A T 2 Separate Strands G C T A C G A T Base Pairing Enzymes Each strand is a Template for base pairing DNA Polymerase

What are the Steps of DNA Replication? Step 3: Bonds between the bases are formed G C G C C G C G T A T A A T A T G - C G - C C - G C - G T - A T - A A - T A - T Bonds Formed

DNA Replication C - G T - A A - T DNA Molecule C G T A A T 2 Separate G - C C - G T - A A - T DNA Molecule G C C G T A A T 2 Separate Strands G - C G - C C - G C - G T - A T - A A - T A - T Bonds Broken Base Pairing What is formed? 2 Identical DNA Molecules

What Process is this? DNA Replication Each strand serves as a Template

“Extra Material” Summary Questions Do you think DNA Replication is an accurate process? Why? What do you think would happen if DNA did not accurately replicate? What are some of the consequences? DNA Replication Animation