Matter Solids, Liquids, and Gases

Matter Matter is anything that takes up space. Everything on earth is matter. Matter exists in three states: Solids Liquids Gases

Solids A solid does not change size or shape when it is moved. You can measure the shape and the mass of a solid. Examples: book, apple, shoes Can you think of anymore? How did we measure the volume?

Liquids Liquids do not have their own shape. They take the shape of its container. Examples: water, juice, syrup How do liquids look and feel?

Gases Gas is matter that is all around you and fills many kinds of things. For example, bubbles, balloons, and balls are filled with gas. Air is also a gas. Can you think of another example?

particle model The particle model The difference between solids, liquids and gases can be explained by the… particle model All substances are made up of particles. The particles are attracted to each other. Some particles are attracted strongly to each other and others weakly. The particles move around. They are described as having kinetic energy. The kinetic energy of the particles increases with temperature.

Particles in a solid – animation

Particles in a liquid – animation

Particles in a gas – animation

Molecules Solids, Liquids, and Gases are made up of tiny particles called molecules. As a class we can act as if we are the molecules that make up solids, liquids, and gases! Everyone stand up and get ready to have some fun!

Solids Get as close as possible to one another, shoulder to shoulder. The molecules in a solid are very close together and do not move very much.

Liquids To act as a liquid we still hold hands, but we spread out some and move together. The molecules of a liquid are loosely tied together and flow freely.

Gases Everyone let go of your neighbor’s hands and spread out. Walk around the room and slightly bump into one another, like bumper cars. The molecules in a gas have a lot of space between them and move freely.

Can you think of an object that can act as a solid, liquid, and a gas?

Changes of State There are six changes of state possible for substances.

Description of Phase Change Heat Movement During Phase Change Changes from one state to another. Description of Phase Change Term for Phase Change Heat Movement During Phase Change Solid to liquid Melting Heat goes into the solid as it melts. Liquid to solid Freezing Heat leaves the liquid as it freezes. Liquid to gas Vaporization, which includes boiling and evaporation Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes. Gas to liquid Condensation Heat leaves the gas as it condenses. Solid to gas Sublimation Heat goes into the solid as it sublimates.

Here’s what happens when it changes from one state to another Here’s what happens when it changes from one state to another. It all depends on the energy!!!!! - The energy added causes the molecules to move faster, once they move fast enough they can change state.

Conclusion Phase Change Demonstration Lab