Surgery for chronic ruptured contained abdominal aortic aneurysm- a case report Grant Medical College Mumbai Dr Suraj.

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Presentation transcript:

Surgery for chronic ruptured contained abdominal aortic aneurysm- a case report Grant Medical College Mumbai Dr Suraj Wasudeo Nagre-Associate Professor CVTS MBBS,MS,M Ch CVTS,DNB CVTS Dr Krishnarao N. Bhosle-Professor and HOD CVTS MBBS,MS,M Ch CVTS,FIACS

Introduction A chronic contained rupture of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (CCR-AAA) is a well- documented subtype of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) rupture in which the hematoma is sealed by the retro-peritoneum first described by Szilagyi et al. in 1961. A diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma - lack the typical features of hemorrhagic shock

A chronic contained rupture of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (CCR-AAA) constitute only 4% of all ruptured aortic aneurysms. Patients are often stable for variable periods of time and may only present with abdominal or back pain.

Chronicity of the rupture is suggested by the clinical presentation and is confirmed at operation by the presence of organised thrombus within an extra-mural mass, which communicates with the abdominal aorta

Treatment Options Endovascular stenting - Costly Open surgery - Morbid Hybrid approach- combination of both open surgery and endovascular stenting

Case Report 27 year-old indian female who presented with a 6-month history of low back pain and a mass per abdomen. Patient also had past history of pulmonary kochs ten years back for which she received six months of antitubercular therapy. On examination, she had a pulsatile expansile abdominal mass with good femoral and distal pulses

A contrast enhanced CT scan with an aortogram demonstrated a 8 A contrast enhanced CT scan with an aortogram demonstrated a 8.8cm partially thrombosed pseudoanerysm just after the origin of superior mesenteric artery extending to both the common iliac artery. The length of the aneurysm was approximately 12.5cm of the aorta and 0.5 cm of the common iliac arteries.CT also showed involvment of both renal arteries origin in the aneurysm

Treatment Option We have two treatment option hybrid approach [surgical bypass Y grafting of both renal arteries from external iliac artery followed by stenting of abdominal aorta by intervension radiologist ] and other option is total open surgical. But the patient is not affording for hybrid treatment as stent is costly so decision taken for total surgical repair of the abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Technical Challenges The possibility of aortic wall infection and abdominal sepsis required careful pre- operative planning-clinical examination Kidneys protection during the entire surgery was planned preoperatively-DTPA scan and cold perfusion of kidneys with less ischemic time. Thrombosed aneurysm mass to excise- Proper vascular control Both iliac artery perfusion-Using Y graft

Planning

Left Thoracoabdominal Approach

Cutting Diaphragm by cautery

Mobilising Left Kidney

Suturing of 6 mm PTFE graft to left renal artery

Left Ileorenal bypass grafting with 6 mm PTFE graft

Cannulating descending thoracic aorta above the diaphragm

Abdominal aortic aneurysm

Aneurysm opened with cautery

Excised thrombus from aneurysm [ 8cm by 8cm ]

End to end aortobiiliac Y grafting [ 24mm by 9mm ]

Right Kidney The right renal artery was canulated using a coronary canula and cold ringer lactate was infused to maintain cold ischemia of the right kidney during the entire procedure. Right renal artery then anastomosed directly on the graft

Closed left thoracoabdominal incision

Postopt Course Patient extubated after 6 hours and discharged after ten days. Cultures of the aortic wall and thrombus all yielded negative results for bacteria and fungi including TB and brucellosis. A follow up ultrasound abdomen showed no collection in the peritoneum/retroperitoneum and a patent functioning aorto biiliac graft and a left iliorenal graft .

Conclusion The results of planned repair of AAAs are generally superior to those of urgent repair, it seems advisable that, once diagnosed, repair of a chronically contained ruptured AAA should proceed as a planned event, allowing time for adequate pre-operative preparation and the gathering of appropriately skilled personnel.

Open surgery as compared to endovascular management is technicaly challenging but cost effective. Patients with low financial income - open surgery was the only valid and better option. Though it was difficult but with proper planning and protocols ,surgery seems to be easy with better results.

The one who works with his hand is a craftsman The one who works with his hand is a craftsman. The one who works with his mind is a scientist. The one who works with his heart is an artist. But the one who works with his hand,mind and heart is a CARDIAC SURGEON…….