DNA Replication/Transcription/Translation

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Presentation transcript:

DNA Replication/Transcription/Translation

Terms DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid

Terms DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid Nucleotide: Building block of DNA. Consists of Nitrogenous base, phosphate group, and sugar

Terms DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid Nucleotide: Building block of DNA. Consists of Nitrogenous base, phosphate group, and sugar 4 nitrogenous bases: Adenine Thymine Guanine Cytosine

Terms DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid Nucleotide: Building block of DNA. Consists of Nitrogenous base, phosphate group, and sugar 4 nitrogenous bases: Adenine A-T Thymine G-C Guanine Cytosine

Replication Occurs in the nucleus during S phase of cell cycle.

Replication Occurs in the nucleus during S phase of cell cycle. Why? So that each new cell can have an identical copy after division.

Protein synthesis Transcription: DNA polymerase unzips and reads one side of DNA strand. mRNA is formed. (single stranded)

Protein synthesis Transcription: DNA polymerase unzips and reads one side of DNA strand. mRNA is formed. (single stranded) Triplet: 3 DNA bases in a row.

Protein synthesis Transcription: DNA polymerase unzips and reads one side of DNA strand. mRNA is formed. (single stranded) Triplet: 3 DNA bases in a row. RNA: single stranded mirror image of DNA

Protein synthesis Transcription: DNA polymerase unzips and reads one side of DNA strand. mRNA is formed. (single stranded) Triplet: 3 DNA bases in a row. RNA: single stranded mirror image of DNA Uracil: RNA’s version of thymine (DNA has “T”. RNA has “U”.)

Protein synthesis Transcription: DNA polymerase unzips and reads one side of DNA strand. mRNA is formed. (single stranded) Triplet: 3 DNA bases in a row. RNA: single stranded mirror image of DNA Uracil: RNA’s version of thymine (DNA has “T”. RNA has “U”.) Codon: 3 mRNA bases in a row

Protein synthesis Translation mRNA is read at the ribosome and tRNA is created (single stranded)

Protein synthesis Translation mRNA is read at the ribosome and tRNA is created (single stranded) Anticodon: series of 3 tRNA bases

Protein synthesis Translation mRNA is read at the ribosome and tRNA is created (single stranded) Anticodon: series of 3 tRNA bases Amino acid: building block of protein

Protein synthesis Translation mRNA is read at the ribosome and tRNA is created (single stranded) Anticodon: series of 3 tRNA bases Amino acid: building block of protein Polypeptide: chain of amino acids…creates a protein