By Dan Carr Matt Gilbert Colman Sandler Coal By Dan Carr Matt Gilbert Colman Sandler

What is it? Coal is a fossil fuel There are three different types of coal Consists between 70-98% carbon, depending on the type

How is it made? Has origins in ancient swamps, form 450-100 million years ago When plants died, fell to bottom of swamp When decomposed by bacteria, plant material was consumed and gases were released A substance called peat was created, which was compressed, creating coal

What types are there? Type 1: Lignite aka Brown Coal Sedimentary Rock Least compressed out of the three types Consists of 70-85% carbon (higher=better)

What types are there? Type 2: Bituminous Coal aka Soft Coal Slightly harder than Lignite, due to greater compression Sedimentary Rock 85-90% Carbon Easy to ignite Burns with smoke

What types are there? Type 3: Anthracite aka Hard Coal Hardest coal, most compression is put on it Sedimentary Rock 90-98% carbon Harder to ignite Burns without smoke, which makes it cleaner

How is it converted to energy? Coal is burned, baby burned The heat turns water into steam The steam then spins a turbine which powers a generator The energy created by the generator gets sent through transformers and wires and stuff until it reaches people’s homes

How is it Mined? Two main types of mining: Surface and Underground Underground modes of access: Drift, Slope and Shaft Surface Mining modes of access: Area, Contour, Mountaintop removal and auger mining

How is it Mined? Longwall Mining Type of Underground mining Longwall is less common than R&P mining In longwall mining, mechanized shears cut and remove coal at the face of the mine Then, pieces of coal are transported to a second conveyor which takes it to the surface while temporary supports hold it up Roof bolts are placed in ceiling to prevent collapse, but most of it can collapse onto shield While it is more efficient, more expensive as well

How is it Mined? Room and Pillar Mining Underground Coal seams are mined by a continuous miner, that cuts room network into the seam Continuous miner loads coal onto a shuttle where it will be placed on conveyor belt, where it well go to the surface Each room alternates with pillar for more support Roof bolts keep ceiling from collapsing Retreat mining is when pillars are removed in special circumstances

What is it used for? Coal has been used for indoor heating, when it was converted to gas 60% of all electricity is generated from burning coal Steam Engines rely on coal

#Quiztime What are the 3 types of coal? Where is coal formed? What are 3 mining techniques? What is a domestic use for coal? What percent of energy is created by coal in the US? What color is it?

Presidents Agree “Homeboys, coal is one of the most wicked energy sources out there.” -George Washington “Yo dawgs G Dubs is right.” -Abe Lincoln

In Conclusion Thanks For Watching! This is #theend of the #coal #powerpoint Thanks For Watching!