IEEE 802.21 MEDIA INDEPENDENT HANDOVER DCN: 21-11-0161-00-srho Title: Recap of Multi-Radio Power Management (MRPM) Date Submitted: September 21, 2011 Presented at IEEE 802 interim in Bangkok Authors or Sources: Dennis Edwards, Behcet Sarikaya, James Han, Junghoon Jee, Anthony Chan Abstract: Recap of Multi-Radio Power Management for the future planning of IEEE 802.21 21-11-0161-00-0000 1

IEEE 802.21 presentation release statements doc.: IEEE 802.11-07/0570r0 April 2007 IEEE 802.21 presentation release statements This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE 802.21 Working Group. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. The contributor grants a free, irrevocable license to the IEEE to incorporate material contained in this contribution, and any modifications thereof, in the creation of an IEEE Standards publication; to copyright in the IEEE’s name any IEEE Standards publication even though it may include portions of this contribution; and at the IEEE’s sole discretion to permit others to reproduce in whole or in part the resulting IEEE Standards publication. The contributor also acknowledges and accepts that this contribution may be made public by IEEE 802.21. The contributor is familiar with IEEE patent policy, as stated in Section 6 of the IEEE-SA Standards Board bylaws <http://standards.ieee.org/guides/bylaws/sect6-7.html#6> and in Understanding Patent Issues During IEEE Standards Development http://standards.ieee.org/board/pat/faq.pdf>  21-11-0161-00-0000 2

What IEEE 802.21 targeted… Airport Home 3G WWAN Operating on 3G WWAN Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3 Plug into power jack Turn on Wi-Fi Continue over Wi-Fi Turn on Wi-Fi Zone 4 Zone 5 Zone 6 Airport Radio State 3G WWAN Wi-Fi WiMAX GPS Radio State 3G WWAN Wi-Fi WiMAX GPS Radio State 3G WWAN Wi-Fi WiMAX GPS Radio State 3G WWAN Wi-Fi WiMAX GPS Radio State 3G WWAN Wi-Fi WiMAX GPS Radio State 3G WWAN Wi-Fi WiMAX GPS Radio State 3G WWAN Wi-Fi WiMAX GPS Wi-Fi Link Going Down. Connect to Wi-Fi Home Continue session on 3G WWAN Continue session on Wi-Fi Battery level low Shutdown WiMAX Switch to 3G WWAN Shutdown Wi-Fi Operator initiated switch to WiMAX Continue session on WiMAX Zone 7 WiMAX Zone 8 WiMAX Zone 9 IEEE 802.21 for Network Discovery IEEE 802.21, SIP, VCC, IMS, for Network Selection and Service Continuity across multiple radios (3G WWAN  Wi-Fi  WiMAX) 802.21, SIP, IMS for Service Continuity (Wi-Fi  WiMAX) VCC, SIP, IMS for Call Continuity (3G WWAN  Wi-Fi)

Contents Overview MRPM Principle MRPM Use cases Existing power management in individual radio technology Power Management Problems Basic MIH capabilities 21-11-0161-00-0000 7

Contents Overview Power Management Problems MRPM Principle MRPM Use cases Existing power management in individual radio technology Basic MIH capabilities 21-11-0161-00-0000 8

Multi-Radio Activities in IEEE 802.21 Optimized Handover between different technologies IEEE 802.21, Published in Jan-2009 Security Signaling during Handovers IEEE 802.21a, PAR Approved in Dec-2008 Handovers to Broadcast Technologies IEEE 802.21b, PAR Approved in Jan-2009 Battery Power Conservation in Multi-Radio devices MRPM (IEEE 802.21c) IEEE 802.21 : to support handover optimization (using L2 trigger, neighboring network map and MIH handover procedure) IEEE 802.21a : to reduce the latency during authentication and key establishment for handovers, and to provide secure MIH protocol exchange and enable authorization for MIH services IEEE 802.21b : 21-11-0161-00-0000 9

Contents Overview Power Management Problems MRPM Principle MRPM Use cases Existing power management in individual radio technology Basic MIH capabilities 21-11-0161-00-0000 10

Rapid Power Consumption by Multiple Radios 802.16 3GPP; 3GPP2 802.16 3GPP; 3GPP2 Power 802.11 802.11 R1 R2 R3 R1 + – + – + – + – Battery life Drains battery fast if power consumption is optimized only within each individual technology Different technologies have different modes of operation each with different power consumption Battery life Service Standby Sleep Battery life (approx. # only for cellular ) 1 radio R1 2 hrs (talk time) 2 radios 3 radios 24 hrs (customer expectation) R1,R2 12 hrs R1,R2,R3 8 hrs 6 days (customer expectation) 3 days 2 days 21-11-0161-00-0000 11

Contents Overview Power Management Problems MRPM Principle MRPM Use cases Existing power management in individual radio technology Basic MIH capabilities 21-11-0161-00-0000 12

Multi-Radio Power Management (1) Purpose: Enhance the user experience by extending the battery operating life of multi-radio mobile devices. Scope: Define mechanisms to reduce power consumption of multi-radio mobile devices based on IEEE 802.21 services. Not in Scope: Enhancements to the MAC/PHY of individual access technologies for making them more power efficient are outside the scope of this project. 21-11-0161-00-0000 13

Multi-Radio Power Management (2) Enables to put inaccessible or unused radios into lower power states (Off or Deep-sleep) Enables to activate the deactivated radios when required Within coverage area, application requirement, network capacity Enables to select best radio and its corresponding power state for an application service Enables to minimize the time in accessing the network when activating a radio Acquiring configuration parameters to access the network in advance 21-11-0161-00-0000 14

Multi-Radio Power Management (3) Single radio Multiple radios Multiple radios with MRPM Power Power Power negligible Battery life negligible Battery life Battery life 21-11-0161-00-0000 15

Multi-Radio Power Management (4) QoS Operator Policy Network Selection Policy Control Multi Interface Control Resource Management operates in a power efficient way! MIH (Neighboring Network MAP) MIH MRPM - Device power characteristics - Each I/F status (power state) MRPM Location Network Accessibility Power States Power States Control WiFi WiMAX 3GPP Radio (WiFi, WiMAX, 3GPP) Mobile Node Network Node 21-11-0161-00-0000

Contents Overview Power Management Problems MRPM Principle MRPM Use cases Minimizing Power Consumption Network Selection Lowest power configuration Use of deep sleep state Existing power management in individual radio technology Basic MIH capabilities 21-11-0161-00-0000 17

Use Case #1. In Service Multiple radios are active for application services Primary Radio MAY be mainly utilized for application services Unutilized radios are put into Off or Deep-Sleep Each radio controlled independently Power In service Sleep In service Potential MRPM solution Power Putting radios in lower power states In service Deep Sleep Off or Deep Sleep 21-11-0161-00-0000 18

Use Case #2. No Service Each radio controlled independently Power Multiple radios are in sleep states consuming unnecessary power Unutilized radio is put into Off or Deep-Sleep Idle Sleep Sleep Potential MRPM solution Power Idle Off or Deep Sleep Off or Deep Sleep 21-11-0161-00-0000 19

Use Case #3. Single Idle State Each radio controlled independently Power Multiple radios are in idle states Primary radio may be utilized for paging Unnecessary idle state radio is put into deep sleep or off state Out of coverage area Coverage overlap Location management through single idle state radio Idle Sleep Idle Potential MRPM solution Power Idle Off or Deep Sleep Off or Deep Sleep 21-11-0161-00-0000 20

Case 4 Illustration of Use Cases TAU to 3GPP paging controller. 3GPP Tracking Area Use Case #3 WiMAX is turned-off Cell 5 AP 5 MRPM Cell 6 WiMAX Paging Area B AP 6 3GPP Paging Controller WiMAX Paging Controller WiFi is turned-off Use Case #2 WiMAX Paging Area A Cell 4 AP 4 WiFi into PSM Cell 3 AP 3 AP 1 Cell 2 Cell 1 AP 2 Application is terminated Multiple Active Radios Single Active Radio 21-11-0161-00-0000 Use Case #1

Contents Overview Power Management Problems MRPM Principle MRPM Use cases Existing power management in individual radio technology Basic MIH capabilities 21-11-0161-00-0000 22

802.21 media independent handover (MIH) services Layer 3 and Above Layers SIP MIH Function Information Service MIH_SAP Event Service MIP HMIP Command Service LLC_SAP LLC_SAP Network 1 (e.g., 802.16) Network 2 (e.g., 3GPP) Information Service MIH_LINK_SAP MIH_LINK_SAP Event Service Command Service Handover 21-11-0161-00-0000 23

802.21 MIH at devices and at networks enables collaboration between them Higher Layer Higher Layer MIHF MIHF IP IP Logical Connection between peer nodes MIH_NET_SAP MIH_NET_SAP MAC MAC PHY PHY 802.11u 802.16g 21-11-0161-00-0000 24

MRPM PAR/5C is at: https://mentor.ieee.org/802.21/file/08/21-09-0021-00-mrpm-revised-par-and-5c.doc Feedback: anthonychan@huawei.com; jhjee@etri.re.kr; STDS-802-21@LISTSERV.IEEE.ORG 21-11-0161-00-0000 25

Thank you 21-11-0161-00-0000 26